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Maternal subjects: representations of women in Irish government health ephemera, 1970s-1980s
The History of the Family ( IF 1.190 ) Pub Date : 2019-05-16 , DOI: 10.1080/1081602x.2019.1610667
Nina Holmes 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

This article examines how a state-endorsed ideal of motherhood was promoted via health material in late twentieth century Ireland. Examining the ways in which women were portrayed and addressed in material advising on pregnancy, childbirth and neonatal care, this article discusses the representation and creation of maternal ‘subjects’ in health ephemera issued by the Irish government in the 1970s and early 1980s. An analysis of five examples of health pamphlets produced by the Department of Health and the Health Education Bureau between 1970 and 1982 determines the primacy of motherhood as a social norm in health education material. Visually, the material evolved during this period; displaying increasing informality of pose and the eventual inclusion of a father figure. However, the connexion of mother and child was retained and prioritised throughout all of the examples discussed.

When contextualised against the cultural and political circumstances of their production, it can be argued that health pamphlets articulated a state endorsement of idealised maternity for Irish women. This was engendered by a prevailing Catholic morality and the historical involvement of the Church and the Irish State. Despite developments in Ireland’s political and ideological landscape in the 1970s and 1980s – demonstrated by events surrounding women’s liberation and advances in women’s employment rights and reproductive rights – the dominant role of motherhood remained as an ideal which was presented across the spectrum of visual culture. This position was reinforced by the Irish state via contraception legislation, elements of the Irish constitution, and as will be demonstrated, by a preponderance of imagery which centred on an idealised maternal role within health material.



中文翻译:

产妇科目:1970年代至1980年代爱尔兰政府卫生临时机构中的妇女代表

摘要

本文探讨了在二十世纪末期爱尔兰如何通过保健材料促进国家认可的孕产理想。在审查有关怀孕,分娩和新生儿保健的材料建议中,如何描绘和描述妇女的方式,本文讨论了爱尔兰政府在1970年代和1980年代初期发布的卫生中母体“受试者”的代表和创造。对卫生部和健康教育局在1970年至1982年之间制作的五本健康小册子的分析表明,孕产是健康教育材料中的一项社会规范。从视觉上看,材料在此期间不断演化。显示出越来越不拘形式的姿势,并最终包容了父亲的身影。然而,

当针对其生产的文化和政治环境进行背景分析时,可以说健康手册清楚地表明了国家对爱尔兰妇女理想的生育的认可。这是由于普遍的天主教道德以及教会和爱尔兰国家的历史介入所造成的。尽管在1970年代和1980年代爱尔兰的政治和意识形态领域有所发展-通过围绕妇女解放的事件以及妇女的就业权利和生殖权利的进步证明-孕产妇的主导作用仍然是一种理想,在整个视觉文化中都得到了体现。爱尔兰政府通过避孕立法,爱尔兰宪法的要素加强了这一立场,这一点将得到证明,

更新日期:2019-05-16
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