当前位置: X-MOL 学术Social Inclusion › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Between Nationalism and Pragmatism: The Roma Movement in Interwar Romania
Social Inclusion ( IF 1.543 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-04 , DOI: 10.17645/si.v8i2.2808
Petre Matei

In the interwar period, for the first time in their history, Romanian Roma managed to organise themselves on a modern basis, by forming Roma associations and unions, and issuing their own newspapers and programmes. In an effort to define themselves, they became politically active, claiming and negotiating rights. In my article I analyse the context of the interwar Roma movement, how Roma leaders of the time saw themselves and their movement, what programme(s) they had, and how they tried to achieve their goals. This was a serious challenge: As they were not self-sufficient, they heavily depended on support from Romanian institutions, and hence they had to act with caution in order to avoid any hostile reactions from the Romanian majority. Overall, the discourse of Roma elites in interwar Romania ranged between: 1) a national approach directed inwardly, toward the Roma, for ethnic mobilisation purposes, including calls to unite in order to acquire their rights, efforts to combat ethnic stigmatisation, discussions on ethnonyms (Gypsy vs. Roma) or on the importance of Roma in Romania and worldwide, the beginning of a national/ethnic mythology (past, origin, enslavement, heroization vs. victimization, etc.); and 2) a pragmatic approach directed outwardly, toward Romanian authorities and public opinion; rather than a national minority, Roma leaders presented the Roma as a social category with specific needs, due to their historical legacy. Of these two, throughout the interwar period, pragmatism prevailed. Special emphasis was placed on the issue of social inclusion, and on identifying specific problems and solutions (i.e., better access to education, settlement, deconstruction of prejudices, etc.).

中文翻译:

在民族主义和实用主义之间:两次世界大战罗马尼亚的罗姆人运动

在两次世界大战之间,罗马尼亚罗姆人有史以来第一次通过建立罗姆人协会和工会并发行自己的报纸和节目,在现代的基础上组织起来。为了定义自己,他们在政治上活跃起来,主张和谈判权利。在我的文章中,我分析了两次战争之间罗姆人运动的背景,当时的罗姆人领导人如何看待自己和他们的运动,他们有什么纲领以及他们如何实现自己的目标。这是一个严峻的挑战:由于它们不能自给自足,因此它们严重依赖罗马尼亚机构的支持,因此必须谨慎行事,以避免罗马尼亚多数派的敌对反应。总体而言,在两次世界大战之间的罗马尼亚,罗姆人精英的话语介于:1)为民族动员目的而向内指向罗姆人的国家方针,包括呼吁团结起来以获取其权利,为反对种族歧视而做出的努力,关于民族名的讨论(吉普赛人与罗姆人)或关于罗姆人在罗姆人中的重要性罗马尼亚以及世界范围内,民族/种族神话(过去,起源,奴役,英雄化与受害等)的起源;2)面向罗马尼亚当局和公众舆论的务实态度;由于罗姆人的历史遗产,而不是少数民族,他们将罗姆人视为具有特定需求的社会类别。在这两次战争中,实用主义占了上风。特别强调社会包容性问题,以及确定具体问题和解决方案(例如,更好地获得教育,
更新日期:2020-06-04
down
wechat
bug