Research on migrant transnationalism has mostly focused on particular transnational activities, their salience in various contexts and populations, and their relationship with migrant incorporation. Less attention has been paid to the interplay between the different domains of transnationalism (economic, political, and socio-relational) and to the way in which they affect migrants’ identity. This study investigates whether and how one domain of migrant transnationalism—transnational entrepreneurship—influences migrants’ (1) transnational involvement in other domains and (2) sense of belonging to different social groups and places. Focusing on the case of Moroccan entrepreneurs in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and Milan, Italy, we compare transnational migrant entrepreneurs, whose business is based on cross-border relationships and exchanges, with domestic migrant entrepreneurs, who are active exclusively in the destination country. Combining quantitative and qualitative data, we find that transnational entrepreneurs differ from domestic entrepreneurs mostly in terms of socio-relational transnational involvement. On the other hand, transnational entrepreneurship does not substantially change transnational practices in other domains or sense of belonging among Moroccan migrants.

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跨国主义与归属：以阿姆斯特丹和米兰的摩洛哥企业家为例

关于移民跨国主义的研究主要集中在特定的跨国活动，其在各种情况和人群中的显着性及其与移民融入的关系。跨国关注的不同领域（经济，政治和社会关系）之间的相互作用以及它们如何影响移民身份的关注较少。本研究调查了移民跨国主义的一个领域（跨国企业家精神）是否以及如何影响移民（1）跨国参与其他领域以及（2）对不同社会群体和地方的归属感。以荷兰阿姆斯特丹和意大利米兰的摩洛哥企业家为例，我们比较了跨国移民企业家，他们的业务基于跨国关系和交流，与仅在目的地国家/地区活跃的本地移民企业家。结合定量和定性数据，我们发现跨国企业家与国内企业家的主要区别在于社会关系跨国参与。另一方面，跨国企业家精神并没有实质性地改变其他领域的跨国惯例或摩洛哥移民的归属感。