Postwar environmental concern has been powerfully shaped by projections of ecological catastrophe. Indeed, it can be said that the global environment as an object of social and political concern came into existence in part through narratives of future crisis. This article explores two successive framings of environmental crisis and the kinds of knowledges that made them up. It examines the announcement of ecological limits to economic growth in the early 1970s, the culmination of an early wave of popular green concern that modeled the future as a choice between the catastrophic continuation of business as usual and the prospect of eco-utopian alternatives. It considers the crisis logics of contemporary climate dynamics, where the power of scientific modeling leaves little room for the imagination of radically different futures. Environmental crisis now cannot perform the anticipatory and utopian functions that it once did. The “apocalyptic horizon” of limits has given way to the collapse of crisis into the present and new kinds of colonization of the future. But in both cases, environmental crisis can be read as a science-fictional object, simultaneously descriptive and speculative, scientific and fictional. Science fiction tropes were crucial to early constructions of environmental crisis, and speculative climate fiction will be a vital resource for negotiating the social-natural futures of the Anthropocene.

中文翻译：

---

环境未来，现在和过去：

战后环境问题受到生态灾难预测的强烈影响。的确，可以说，全球环境作为社会和政治关注的对象，部分是通过对未来危机的叙述而产生的。本文探讨了环境危机的两个连续框架以及构成它们的知识种类。它考察了 1970 年代初期经济增长的生态限制的宣布，这是早期流行的绿色关注浪潮的高潮，该浪潮将未来建模为灾难性的照常营业与生态乌托邦替代方案的前景之间的选择。它考虑了当代气候动态的危机逻辑，其中科学建模的力量几乎没有为完全不同的未来留下想象的空间。环境危机现在无法发挥它曾经做过的预期和乌托邦功能。极限的“世界末日地平线”已经让位于危机崩溃到当前和未来的新型殖民化。但在这两种情况下，环境危机都可以被解读为一个科幻对象，同时具有描述性和推测性、科学性和虚构性。科幻小说的比喻对于环境危机的早期构建至关重要，而推测性的气候小说将成为谈判人类世社会自然未来的重要资源。环境危机可以被解读为一个科幻对象，同时具有描述性和推测性、科学性和虚构性。科幻小说的比喻对于环境危机的早期构建至关重要，而推测性的气候小说将成为谈判人类世社会自然未来的重要资源。环境危机可以被解读为一个科幻对象，同时具有描述性和推测性、科学性和虚构性。科幻小说的比喻对于环境危机的早期构建至关重要，而推测性的气候小说将成为谈判人类世社会自然未来的重要资源。