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Discovering extinct water bodies in the landscape of Central Europe using toponymic GIS
Moravian Geographical Reports ( IF 2.311 ) Pub Date : 2018-06-01 , DOI: 10.2478/mgr-2018-0010
Jindřich Frajer 1 , David Fiedor 1
Affiliation  

Abstract Due to global climate change and anthropogenic pressures on the landscape, one of the current geographical problems is retention of water in agricultural landscapes. One possibility to tackle this issue is the construction of artificial water bodies, which has historical traditions in the form of fishponds in Central European landscapes. Unfortunately, many such water bodies were transformed into arable lands during the 18th and 19th centuries. In this study, the identification and spatial distribution of these extinct water bodies is subject to examination, using place names in a GIS environment. Some 375 place names were selected from the official database of place names in the Czech Republic. This set of names was compared to current maps, as well as to old maps from the Habsburg monarchy from 1783–1880 (1st, 2nd and 3rd Military Survey). The map resources were used to find out if a place name was related to an extinct fishpond, and in which period the pond ceased to exist. Using spatial statistics, the existence of areas with a high concentration of place names referring to extinct ponds is demonstrated. It has also been established that areas linked to fishpond extinction in the same period now face more frequent droughts. Thus, the set of place names can be used to identify not only extinct water bodies, but also to serve as being potentially useful in other analyses using GIS, as well as in the public sphere (reclamation).

中文翻译:

使用地名GIS在中欧景观中发现灭绝的水体

摘要由于全球气候变化和人为景观压力,当前的地理问题之一是农业景观中的水保留。解决这一问题的一种可能性是建造人造水体,它具有中欧景观鱼塘形式的历史传统。不幸的是,在18世纪和19世纪,许多这样的水体变成了耕地。在这项研究中,使用GIS环境中的地名对这些绝灭水体的识别和空间分布进行检查。从捷克共和国官方地名数据库中选择了大约375个地名。将这组名称与当前地图以及1783–1880年哈布斯堡王朝的旧地图(第一版,第二和第三次军事调查)。使用地图资源来查明地名是否与灭绝的鱼塘有关,以及在那个时期池塘不复存在。使用空间统计数据,可以证明存在着大量涉及灭绝池塘的地名的区域。还已经确定,同一时期与鱼塘灭绝有关的地区现在面临更加频繁的干旱。因此,地名集不仅可以用于识别灭绝的水体,而且还可以在使用GIS的其他分析以及公共领域(围垦)中发挥潜在作用。事实证明,存在着涉及灭绝池塘的地名高度集中的区域。还已经确定,同一时期与鱼塘灭绝有关的地区现在面临更加频繁的干旱。因此,地名集不仅可以用于识别灭绝的水体,而且还可以在使用GIS的其他分析以及公共领域(围垦)中发挥潜在作用。事实证明,存在着涉及灭绝池塘的地名高度集中的区域。还已经确定,同一时期与鱼塘灭绝有关的地区现在面临更加频繁的干旱。因此,地名集不仅可以用于识别灭绝的水体,而且还可以在使用GIS的其他分析以及公共领域(围垦)中发挥潜在作用。
更新日期:2018-06-01
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