Abstract Research on urban climates has been an important topic in recent years, given the growing number of city inhabitants and significant influences of climate on health. Nevertheless, far less research has focused on the impacts of light pollution, not only on humans, but also on plants and animals in the landscape. This paper reports a study measuring the intensity of light pollution and its impact on the autumn phenological phases of tree species in the town of Zvolen (Slovakia). The research was carried out at two housing estates and in the central part of the town in the period 2013–2016. The intensity of ambient nocturnal light at 18 measurement points was greater under cloudy weather than in clear weather conditions. Comparison with the ecological standard for Slovakia showed that average night light values in the town centre and in the housing estate with an older type of public lighting, exceeded the threshold value by 5 lux. Two tree species, sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) and staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina L.), demonstrated sensitivity to light pollution. The average onset of the autumn phenophases in the crown parts situated next to the light sources was delayed by 13 to 22 days, and their duration was prolonged by 6 to 9 days. There are three major results: (i) the effects of light pollution on organisms in the urban environment are documented; (ii) the results provide support for a theoretical and practical basis for better urban planning policies to mitigate light pollution effects on organisms; and (iii) some limits of the use of plant phenology as a bioindicator of climate change are presented.

中文翻译：

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光污染对城市环境中树木物候的影响

摘要鉴于城市居民数量的增加以及气候对健康的重大影响，近年来关于城市气候的研究已成为重要课题。然而，很少有研究集中在光污染的影响上，不仅对人类，而且对景观中的动植物也有影响。本文报告了一项研究，该研究测量了Zvolen（斯洛伐克）镇的光污染强度及其对树木树种秋季物候期的影响。在2013-2016年期间，该研究在两个住宅区和镇中心地区进行。在多云的天气下，在18个测量点处的夜间夜光强度要比晴朗的天气条件下更大。与斯洛伐克的生态标准进行比较表明，镇中心和公共照明较旧的住宅区的平均夜间照明值超出了阈值5 lux。梧桐枫（Acer pseudoplatanus L.）和鹿角漆树（Rhus typhina L.）这两种树种对光污染敏感。靠近光源的冠状部分中秋季表相的平均发作被延迟了13至22天，其持续时间延长了6至9天。有三个主要结果：（i）记录了光污染对城市环境中生物的影响；（ii）研究结果为更好的城市规划政策减轻光污染对生物的影响提供了理论和实践依据；