This article is about a cultural-philosophical movement called Russian cosmism (Russky kosmizm) and its current status in the Republic of Kalmykia, southwest Russia, home to Buddhist Kalmyks, a people of Oirat-Mongol origin. Emerging in Russia in the early twentieth century and suppressed during the Soviet period, this movement proliferated openly across Russia with the beginning of perestroika. Promulgated as an original product of the Russian mind, cosmism positions itself as a ‘science of the truth and soul searching’ and purports to address various issues, including—but not limited to—the spiritual, psychic, and paranormal anxieties that are on the rise in Russia. Although Russian cosmism is an all-encompassing movement combining various elements of theosophy, philosophy, poetry, theories of evolution and energy, astrology, cosmology, ecology, and even science fiction, this article focuses upon its more cosmic topics—that is, those that are related to outer space, cosmic energies, and alien visitations, as well as responses to these ideas in Kalmykia. The story of Russian cosmism is not just a story of this particular movement, but also that of science in Russia.

中文翻译：

---

俄罗斯宇宙主义：当代俄罗斯的外星人访问和宇宙能量

这篇文章是关于一个叫做俄罗斯宇宙主义的文化哲学运动（俄罗斯联邦) 及其在俄罗斯西南部卡尔梅克共和国的现状，这里是佛教卡尔梅克人的故乡，是卫拉特-蒙古血统的民族。这场运动于 20 世纪初在俄罗斯兴起并在苏联时期受到压制，随着改革的开始，这一运动在俄罗斯公开扩散。作为俄罗斯思想的原创产物，宇宙主义将自己定位为“真理和灵魂探索的科学”，旨在解决各种问题，包括但不限于精神上的、精神上的和超自然的焦虑。在俄罗斯崛起。尽管俄罗斯的宇宙主义是一个包罗万象的运动，它结合了神学、哲学、诗歌、进化论和能量理论、占星术、宇宙学、生态学甚至科幻小说的各种元素，但本文侧重于其更宇宙的主题——即，那些与外层空间、宇宙能量和外星人造访有关的东西，以及卡尔梅克对这些想法的反应。俄罗斯宇宙主义的故事不仅仅是这一特定运动的故事，也是俄罗斯科学的故事。