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Platform Party between Digital Activism and Hyper-Leadership: The Reshaping of the Public Sphere
Media and Communication ( IF 3.043 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-08 , DOI: 10.17645/mac.v8i4.3230
Emiliana De Blasio , Lorenzo Viviani

The so-called crisis of representation has formed the theoretical framework of many studies on media and democracy of the past thirty years. Many researches have highlighted the crisis of legitimacy and credibility of the ‘traditional’ parties (Katz & Mair, 2018) and communication was considered, at the same time, one of the causes of acceleration towards post-representative politics (Keane, 2013) but also an indispensable tool for re-connecting citizens to politics. Various phenomena have developed within this framework: a) the birth of political aggregations as a result of mobilization in the digital ecosystem; b) the development of digital platforms for democratic participation; c) the birth of parties defined as ‘digital’ or ‘platform’; and d) the growing centrality of digital political activism, both as a phenomenon within the digital communicative ecosystem (also in the context of social media) and as a result of the transformation of social movements. This article studies the role of platform parties as a space for the emergence of authoritarian tendencies (hyper-leadership) but also as an organizational opportunity for the development of new forms of digital activism. In particular, the article presents a research on the use of digital platforms (and their political and organizational consequences) by political parties in Italy, France, and Spain. The study shows the relationships between the evolution of digital ecosystems and the way in which political organization is organised, also highlighting how the new forms of mobilization and aggregation have opened up different yet interconnected public spaces.

中文翻译:

数字行动主义与超领导之间的平台派对:公共领域的重塑

过去三十年来,所谓的代表危机已形成许多媒体和民主研究的理论框架。许多研究都强调了“传统”政党的合法性和可信性危机(Katz&Mair,2018年),同时,人们也将交流视为加速代表后政治发展的原因之一(Keane,2013年),也是使公民重新参与政治的必不可少的工具。在此框架内已发展出各种现象:a)由于数字生态系统中的动员,政治聚集的诞生;b)开发民主参与的数字平台;c)定义为“数字”或“平台”的各方的诞生;d)数字政治行动主义的中心地位日益提高,这既是数字通信生态系统中的一种现象(也是在社交媒体的背景下),也是社会运动转变的结果。本文研究了平台派对方作为威权倾向(超领导)出现的空间的角色,同时也为发展新形式的数字行动主义提供了组织机会。尤其是,本文介绍了意大利,法国和西班牙政党对数字平台的使用(及其政治和组织后果)的研究。这项研究显示了数字生态系统的演进与政治组织的组织方式之间的关系,还强调了新的动员和聚集形式如何开放了不同但相互联系的公共空间。
更新日期:2020-10-08
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