We analyze Milton Friedman’s two visits to Chile, in March 1975 and November 1981. We rely on a number of sources, including Friedman’s archives, press archives in Chile and the rest of the world, interviews, and the papers and recollections of some of those who accompanied Friedman during his meeting with Pinochet. Although Friedman’s 1975 visit has been widely discussed, his 1981 visit has been largely neglected. However, this visit was particularly important as it preceded a severe currency and banking crisis, stemming from an overvalued fixed exchange rate. The crisis put at risk the influence of the “Chicago Boys” and the political and economic liberalization process. We analyze Friedman’s views regarding Chile’s pegged exchange rate strategy followed between 1979 and 1982, and his position on economic and political freedom.

中文翻译：

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智利的米尔顿弗里德曼：休克疗法、经济自由和汇率

我们分析了 1975 年 3 月和 1981 年 11 月米尔顿·弗里德曼对智利的两次访问。我们依赖于许多来源，包括弗里德曼的档案、智利和世界其他地区的新闻档案、采访以及其中一些人的论文和回忆在弗里德曼与皮诺切特会面时陪同弗里德曼。尽管弗里德曼 1975 年的访问已被广泛讨论，但他 1981 年的访问却在很大程度上被忽视了。然而，这次访问特别重要，因为它发生在一场严重的货币和银行危机之前，源于高估的固定汇率。这场危机使“芝加哥男孩”的影响以及政治和经济自由化进程处于危险之中。我们分析弗里德曼对智利在 1979 年至 1982 年间所采用的钉住汇率战略的看法，以及他对经济和政治自由的立场。