OBJECTIVE The Anglo-Celtic colonists of Australia and New Zealand brought with them heavy beer-drinking customs, and each country later developed similar temperance movements and alcohol policies. Yet their beer markets differed throughout the 20th century; for example, Australian men typically drank lager with 5% alcohol-by-volume (ABV), whereas New Zealand men drank ale with 4%ABV. We investigated the public health implications of recent developments in product availability, marketing, and country-level consumption patterns. METHOD We analyzed official data reporting beverage- and strength-specific volumes of ethanol available for sale in beer from 2000 to 2016, a period in which the countries had similar consumption trends; and did a thematic analysis of "market intelligence" reports. RESULTS Per capita ethanol beer sales fell in both countries, accompanied by increases in market share of higher %ABV categories. Different definitions of beer strength hampered comparison between countries. In Australia, consumption of ethanol in mid-strength beer (3.01%-3.5%ABV) increased, whereas consumption of low-strength beer (<3%ABV) decreased. In New Zealand, consumption of high-strength beer (4.351%-5%ABV) increased whereas that of traditional mid-strength beer (2.501%-4.35%ABV) decreased substantially. Market reports cited consumer health concerns and demand for "craft beer" (typically high-strength) as competing influences in both markets, and reduced-alcohol beer as "the alcoholic drinks industry's-potentially lucrative-shield against accusations of irresponsibility." CONCLUSIONS Declines in both high- and low-strength beer in Australia have potentially important implications. In New Zealand, the failure of low-strength beer to establish significant market share, along with increased consumption of high-strength beer, are noteworthy developments. Trend data on product ethanol content warrants scrutiny in public health surveillance globally, whereas research is needed on the role of ethanol content within industry strategy.

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澳大利亚和新西兰啤酒市场中的乙醇含量：探索性研究，研究官方数据和市场情报报告对公共健康的影响

目的澳大利亚和新西兰的盎格鲁凯尔特殖民者带来了沉重的喝啤酒习惯，后来每个国家都制定了类似的节制运动和酒精政策。然而，整个20世纪，他们的啤酒市场有所不同。例如，澳大利亚男性通常以5％的酒精体积浓度（ABV）喝啤酒，而新西兰男性则以4％的ABV酒精度啤酒。我们调查了产品可用性，市场营销和国家/地区消费模式方面的最新发展对公共卫生的影响。方法我们分析了官方数据，这些数据报告了2000年至2016年期间啤酒中可出售的特定饮料和特定强度的乙醇，在此期间，各国的消费趋势相似；并对“市场情报”报告进行了主题分析。结果在这两个国家中，人均乙醇啤酒的销售量下降，同时％ABV类别的市场份额增加。啤酒强度的不同定义妨碍了国家之间的比较。在澳大利亚，中强度啤酒（3.01％-3.5％ABV）的乙醇消耗量增加，而低强度啤酒（<3％ABV）的消耗量减少。在新西兰，高强度啤酒（4.351％-5％ABV）的消费量增加，而传统中强度啤酒（2.501％-4.35％ABV）的消费量则大幅下降。市场报告称消费者对健康的担忧和对“精酿啤酒”（通常是高强度啤酒）的需求是两个市场的竞争影响力，而低酒精啤酒则是“酒精饮料行业对不负责任的指控的潜在利润丰厚的屏障”。结论在澳大利亚，高强度和低强度啤酒的下降都有潜在的重要意义。在新西兰，低强度啤酒未能建立重要的市场份额，以及高强度啤酒的消费增加，是值得注意的事态发展。有关产品乙醇含量的趋势数据值得在全球范围内进行公共卫生监督，但是需要研究乙醇含量在行业战略中的作用。