This article examines the local practices, histories, and transnational circulation and exchange of gender ideologies within Japanese surfscapes. A focus on gender in relation to Japanese surf culture is critical as the ways surf spaces in Japan are governed and/or have changed in recent years has as much to do with transnational gender surf ideologies as with its domestic gender norms. More specifically, we examine how gendered ideologies in Japan are mobilized in particular ways depending on the conditions of possibility—the cultural, social, geographical, historical, and networked elements—that comprise any given surfscape. To draw attention to the complexities involved in the relationship between space, place, and gender in Japan, the enquiry is undertaken in a highly localized, territorial, and big-wave surf site in Wakayama Prefecture and surrounding Kansai region. This site has been chosen because of how it localizes a unique mode of trans-Pacific surf culture, thereby offering insight into the nuances, issues, and strategies of social change as surfing continues to evolve in the region. The aim of the analysis is twofold. The first is contextual, highlighting the importance of the culturally and site-specific character of how surf culture and gender relations are assembled in the Japanese context. The second is to offer insight into the specific histories and transnational relationships informing the gendered practices of surfing in Japan today. The intention is to highlight the diversity of surf cultures throughout East Asia and the different ways surfing lifestyles are localized in relation to socio-political-ecological place-making and gender.

中文翻译：

---

在日本的跨国冲浪中保持阳刚之气：空间，地点和性别

本文考察了日本风土人情中的当地习俗，历史以及跨国传播和性别意识形态的交流。与日本冲浪文化相关的性别关注至关重要，因为近年来日本对冲浪空间的管理和/或改变方式与跨国性别冲浪意识形态及其国内性别规范息息相关。更具体地说，我们研究了如何根据构成任何给定场景的可能性条件（文化，社会，地理，历史和网络元素）以特定方式动员日本的性别意识形态。为了引起人们对日本空间，地点和性别之间关系所涉及的复杂性的关注，调查是在高度本地化的领土，和歌山县及关西地区的大浪冲浪地点。选择该站点的原因是它如何定位跨太平洋冲浪文化的独特模式，从而随着冲浪在该地区的不断发展而深入了解细微差别，问题和社会变革策略。分析的目的是双重的。第一个是背景语境，强调了在日本语境中如何组织冲浪文化和性别关系的特定文化和场所特征的重要性。第二个是提供对特定历史和跨国关系的洞察力，从而为当今日本的性别冲浪行为提供信息。