This essay argues that in conflating anti-Zionism with anti-Semitism, France9s president, Emmanuel Macron, has been mistaken on two counts: one, historical, since a majority of Jews have historically rejected the Zionist project, with the majority of them living outside Israel, and hundreds of thousands of Israeli citizens choosing to do the same; and the second, political, as it has opened the way for the Conseil representatif des institutions juives de France (CRIF) to demand legislation banning anti-Zionism, in the same vein as earlier efforts to criminalize the French Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement. France9s juridical foundation is strong, however, and it does not allow for the criminalization of speech: the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen (1789), the Constitution of the Fifth Republic (1958), and the European Convention on Human Rights all stand as safeguards of the fundamental right to freedom of expression—at least for the time being.

中文翻译：

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将反犹太复国主义与反犹太主义混为一谈：十字准线中的法国

这篇文章认为，在将反犹太复国主义与反犹太主义混为一谈时，法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙 (Emmanuel Macron) 犯了两个错误：一是历史性的，因为历史上大多数犹太人都拒绝过犹太复国主义计划，其中大多数人住在外面以色列，以及数十万选择这样做的以色列公民；其次是政治，因为它为法国司法机构代表委员会（CRIF）要求立法禁止反犹太复国主义开辟了道路，这与早期将法国抵制、撤资和制裁运动定为刑事犯罪的努力相同。然而，法国的法律基础是牢固的，它不允许将言论定为刑事犯罪：《人权和公民权利宣言》（1789 年）、第五共和国宪法（1958 年）、