Much of the agricultural history of nineteenth- and twentieth-century Latin America has been dominated by studies of export products and economies. Yet just as important for national development were domestic markets supplied by small-scale farmers. Using Guatemala as a case study for Latin America, this article examines the challenges faced by farmers producing for local, regional and national markets. Over the course of the national period, state authorities’ sporadic concern for domestic agriculture provided indigenous small-scale farmers with opportunities to advance their agendas, which ranged from resisting forced labour to maintaining their traditional agricultural practices. By the 1930s, domestic foodstuff production had increased markedly because in the early twentieth century state authorities had joined small-scale farmers to actively promote domestic-use agriculture.

中文翻译：

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“国家之心”：现代危地马拉农民和玉米的首要地位

19 世纪和 20 世纪拉丁美洲的大部分农业历史都以对出口产品和经济的研究为主。然而，对国家发展同样重要的是小农提供的国内市场。本文以危地马拉作为拉丁美洲的案例研究，探讨了为当地、区域和国家市场生产的农民所面临的挑战。在整个国家时期，国家当局对国内农业的零星关注为土著小农提供了推进其议程的机会，从抵制强迫劳动到维持其传统农业实践。到 1930 年代，