Estimates of union wage effects have been challenged due to concerns over unobserved worker heterogeneity and endogenous job changes. Many believe that union wage premiums lead to business failures and other forms of worker displacement. In this paper, displacement rates and union wage gaps are examined using the 1994-2018 biennial Displaced Worker Survey (DWS) supplements to the monthly Current Population Surveys. For more than two decades, displacement rates among union and nonunion workers have been remarkably similar. We observe changes in earnings resulting from transitions between union and nonunion jobs following exogenous job changes. Consistent with prior evidence from the 1994 and 1996 DWS, we obtain longitudinal estimates of average union wage effects close to 15 percent, similar to standard cross-section estimates and suggestive of minimal ability bias. Wage losses moving from union to nonunion jobs exceed gains from nonunion to union transitions.

中文翻译：

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使用“流离失所的工人调查”重新探讨工会的工资和失业问题

由于对未观察到的工人异质性和内生性工作变化的担忧，对工会工资影响的估计提出了挑战。许多人认为，工会的工资溢价会导致企业倒闭和其他形式的工人流离失所。在本文中，使用1994-2018两年期的每月流离失所工人调查（DWS）补充资料对每月的当前人口调查进行了研究，调查了流离失所率和工会工资差距。二十多年来，工会和不工会工人的流离失所率一直非常相似。我们观察到由于外源性工作变动而导致的工会工作和非工会工作之间的过渡导致的收入变化。与1994年和1996年DWS的先前证据一致，我们获得了平均工会工资影响接近15％的纵向估计，与标准横截面估算值相似，暗示最小能力偏差。从工会到工会的工资损失超过了从工会到工会过渡的收入。