We study how union certification affects the enforcement of workplace-safety laws. To generate credible causal estimates, a regression discontinuity design compares outcomes in establishments where unions barely won representation elections to outcomes in establishments where union barely lost such elections. The study combines two main datasets: the census of National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) representation elections and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA) enforcement database since 1985. There is evidence of positive effects of union certification on establishment's rate of OSHA inspection, the share of inspections carried out in the presence of a labor representative, violations cited, and penalties assessed.

中文翻译：

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工会认证对工作场所安全执法的影响：回归-不连续性证据

我们研究工会认证如何影响工作场所安全法律的执行。为了生成可靠的因果估计，回归不连续性设计将工会几乎没有赢得代表选举的场所的结果与工会几乎没有失去这种选举的场所的结果进行比较。这项研究结合了两个主要数据集：自1985年以来，美国国家劳动关系委员会（NLRB）代表选举普查和职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）执法数据库。有证据表明，工会认证对企业的OSHA检查率具有积极影响，在劳动代表在场的情况下进行检查的份额，所引述的违法行为和评估的罚款。