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William Frédéric Edwards and the study of human races in France, from the Restoration to the July Monarchy
History of Science ( IF 0.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-24 , DOI: 10.1177/0073275319889832
Ian B. Stewart 1
Affiliation  

Scholars of the nineteenth-century race sciences have tended to identify the period from c.1820–c.1850 as a phase of transition from philologically to physically focused study. In France, the physiologist William Frédéric Edwards (1776–1842) is normally placed near the center of this transformation. A reconsideration of Edwards’ oeuvre in the context of his larger biography shows that it is impossible to see a clear-cut philological to physical “paradigm shift.” Although he has been remembered almost solely for his principle of the permanency of physical “types,” Edwards was also committed to what he recognized as the new science of “linguistique” and proposed a new branch of comparative philology based on pronunciation. Bearing Edwards’ attention to linguistics in mind, this article reconstructs his racial theories in their intellectual contexts and suggests that at a time of emergent disciplinary specialization, Edwards tried to hold discrete fields together and mold them into a new “natural history of man.”

中文翻译:

威廉·弗雷德里克·爱德华兹 (William Frédéric Edwards) 和法国人种研究,从复辟到七月君主制

19 世纪种族科学的学者倾向于将 1820 年至 1850 年间的时期确定为从语言学到物理研究的过渡阶段。在法国,生理学家威廉·弗雷德里克·爱德华兹(William Frédéric Edwards,1776-1842 年)通常位于这种转变的中心附近。在爱德华兹更大的传记的背景下重新考虑他的全部作品表明,不可能看到明确的语言学到物理的“范式转变”。尽管人们几乎仅仅因为他的物理“类型”永恒性原则而被人们记住,爱德华兹也致力于他认为是“语言学”的新科学,并提出了一个基于发音的比较语言学的新分支。铭记爱德华兹对语言学的关注,
更新日期:2019-12-24
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