This article analyzes the history and dynamics of conflict and cooperation in a local and regional delta management system focusing on tidal river management (TRM). TRM was formally implemented through a participatory approach since early 2000 to address waterlogging problems in the southwest delta of Bangladesh. There have been, and still are, serious difficulties in achieving the full potential of TRM because multistakeholder processes (MSPs) are not effectively sustained. One major cause of ineffective MSPs is incompetent dealing with conflict and cooperation among stakeholders. Our research was a participatory assessment of water management events focusing on the causes, intensity, and trend of conflict and cooperation in TRM practices over the last 30 years. The results show that the history of TRM appeared more conflictive than cooperative, and also the cooperations between major stakeholders were rarely sustained in TRM practices. To that effect, we applied an adapted “Transboundary Water Interaction Nexus (TWINs)” model to this local water management context, which explores the interrelatedness of conflict and cooperation for learning to deal with MSPs in local delta water management. The research findings should be helpful for improving participation policy in water management in Bangladesh and also facilitate MSPs in delta water governance elsewhere.

中文翻译：

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分析区域三角洲管理系统中冲突与合作的共存：孟加拉国三角洲的潮汐河管理（TRM）

本文分析了以潮河管理（TRM）为重点的本地和区域三角洲管理系统中冲突与合作的历史和动态。自2000年初以来，通过参与式方法正式实施了TRM，以解决孟加拉国西南三角洲的涝灾问题。要充分发挥TRM的潜力，就一直存在而且仍然存在严重的困难，因为多利益相关方流程（MSP）无法得到有效维持。MSP无效的主要原因之一是无法处理利益相关者之间的冲突与合作。我们的研究是对水资源管理事件的参与性评估，重点是过去30年中TRM做法中冲突与合作的原因，强度和趋势。结果表明，TRM的历史似乎比合作更具冲突性，在TRM实践中，主要利益相关者之间的合作很少得以维持。为此，我们在此当地水管理环境中应用了经过调整的“跨界水相互作用联系（TWINs）”模型，该模型探讨了冲突与合作之间的相互关系，以学习在地方三角洲水管理中应对MSP。研究结果应有助于改善孟加拉国水管理的参与政策，并有助于其他地区的MSP参与三角洲水管理。它探讨了冲突与合作之间的相互关系，以学习在地方三角洲水管理中应对MSP。研究结果应有助于改善孟加拉国水管理的参与政策，并有助于其他地区的MSP参与三角洲水管理。它探讨了冲突与合作之间的相互关系，以学习在地方三角洲水管理中应对MSP。研究结果应有助于改善孟加拉国水管理的参与政策，并有助于其他地区的MSP参与三角洲水管理。