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Language use before and after Stonewall: A corpus-based study of gay men’s pre-Stonewall narratives
Discourse Studies ( IF 1.871 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-18 , DOI: 10.1177/1461445619887541
Heiko Motschenbacher 1
Affiliation  

This study presents a contrastive corpus linguistic analysis of language use before and after Stonewall. It uses theoretical insights on normativity from the field of language and sexuality to investigate how the shifting normativities associated with the Stonewall Riots (1969) – widely considered the central event of gay liberation in the Western world – have shaped our conceptualization of sexuality as it surfaces in language use. Drawing on two corpora of gay men’s pre-Stonewall narratives dating from two time periods (before and after Stonewall, called PRE and POST), the analysis combines quantitative (keyword analysis, collocation analysis) and qualitative (concordance analysis) corpus linguistic methods to examine discursive shifts as evident from narrators’ language use. The study identifies the terms homosexual and normal as central contrastive labels in PRE, and gay and straight as corresponding terms in POST. Other discursive shifts detected are from sexual desire/practices to identity (and vice versa), from an individualistic to a community-based conceptualization of sexuality, and from unquestioned heteronormativity and gender binarism to a weakening of such dominant discourses. The findings are discussed in relation to the desire-identity shift, which is traditionally assumed to have taken place at the end of the 19th century, and shed new light on Stonewall as a central event for the development of an identity-based conceptualization of sexuality as we know it today.

中文翻译:

石墙前后的语言使用:基于语料库的男同性恋者前石墙叙事研究

本研究对 Stonewall 前后的语言使用进行了对比语料库语言分析。它利用对语言和性领域规范性的理论见解来研究与石墙暴动(1969 年)相关的规范性转变——被广泛认为是西方世界同性恋解放的核心事件——在它浮出水面时塑造了我们对性的概念化在语言使用上。该分析利用两个时间段(石墙前后,称为 PRE 和 POST)的男同性恋者在石墙前叙事的两个语料库,结合定量(关键字分析、搭配分析)和定性(一致性分析)语料库语言方法来检验从叙述者的语言使用中可以明显看出话语的转变。该研究将同性恋和正常这两个术语确定为 PRE 中的中心对比标签,而同性恋和异性恋则确定为 POST 中的相应术语。检测到的其他话语转变是从性欲/实践到身份(反之亦然),从个人主义到基于社区的性概念化,从毫无疑问的异性恋和性别二元论到弱化这种主导话语。研究结果与欲望-身份转变相关进行了讨论,传统上认为这种转变发生在 19 世纪末,并为石墙作为发展基于身份的性概念化的核心事件提供了新的启示正如我们今天所知。检测到的其他话语转变是从性欲/实践到身份(反之亦然),从个人主义到基于社区的性概念化,从毫无疑问的异性恋和性别二元论到弱化这种主导话语。研究结果与欲望-身份转变相关进行了讨论,传统上认为这种转变发生在 19 世纪末,并为石墙作为发展基于身份的性概念化的核心事件提供了新的启示正如我们今天所知。检测到的其他话语转变是从性欲/实践到身份(反之亦然),从个人主义到基于社区的性概念化,从毫无疑问的异性恋和性别二元论到弱化这种主导话语。研究结果与欲望-身份转变相关进行了讨论,传统上认为这种转变发生在 19 世纪末,并为石墙作为发展基于身份的性概念化的核心事件提供了新的启示正如我们今天所知。
更新日期:2019-11-18
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