ABSTRACT This article disentangles how empire, emotion and exchange intersect and work to orient and disorient processes of identity formation within post-9/11 US cultural diplomacy. Focusing on everyday cultural exchange practices, it challenges the particular cosmopolitanism embedded in these programmes that hinges upon the affective and the colonial. It reflects on how this entanglement of empire, emotion and exchange operates through modes of governmentality that produce energized, more governable subjects and masks such operations of power. Analysing one particular exchange – YES – this article disorients colonial logics of subjectification by exploring affective exchange encounters that are always already (dis)orienting. It then serves as a disorienting encounter with cultural diplomacy through four provocations, illustrating how empire is (always) (dis)orientating, can (dis)orient, can be disoriented, and must undergo disorientation. First, post-9/11 US cultural diplomacy and its logic of cosmopolitanism suggest empire is always (dis)orientating via its manifestation in ‘unusual’ sites; while exchange programmes’ onus on celebrating difference appears to conflict with ‘where’ empire ‘normally’ orients itself, as post/decolonial scholarship reveals, it is in the seemingly benign/unquestionable where empire does its work most profoundly. Second, the entanglement of emotion, empire and exchange can (dis)orient exchange subjects through how they are governed to perform and oscillate between ever-shifting ‘ideal’ subjectivities (familiar national/cosmopolitan global/enterprising neoliberal). Third, tracing colonial echoes and spectres in these exchanges reveals empire as disoriented, as that which is analytically ‘less conventional’. An arguably ‘conventional’ analysis oriented around a neo-colonial logic and an imperialistic ‘America’ while seductive in its simplicity obscures the governmental and performative complexities operating within these programmes. Finally, disorientation enables empire to be challenged and disrupted, opening up possibilities for post-9/11 US cultural diplomacy, and the self-Other relations comprising it, to be reimagined. In short, this paper’s analytical disorientation can lead to a reorientation of cultural diplomacy.

中文翻译：

---

帝国，情感，交流：9/11后美国文化外交的（定向）遭遇

摘要本文阐明了帝国，情感和交流如何相交并努力使9/11后美国文化外交中的身份形成过程定向和混乱。它着重于日常的文化交流实践，挑战了嵌入在这些程序中的，以情感和殖民为核心的世界主义。它反思了这种帝国，情感和交流的纠缠是如何通过政府模式进行运作的，这些模式产生了充满活力的，更易于管理的主体，并掩盖了这种权力运作。通过分析一种特定的交流-是的，本文通过探索总是已经（迷失）方向的情感交流遭遇，迷惑了主观主义的殖民逻辑。然后，通过四个挑衅，它成为文化外交的令人迷惑的相遇，说明帝国如何（总是）（迷失）方向，可以（迷失）方向，可以迷失方向并且必须经历迷失方向。首先，11/11之后的美国文化外交及其世界主义逻辑表明，帝国总是通过其在“不寻常”场所的表现而（迷失）方向。正如后/殖民时期的学术研究所揭示的那样，交流计划关于庆祝差异的责任似乎与帝国“通常”将自己定位于“何处”相抵触，而帝国似乎在其最深刻地发挥其作用的地方似乎是良性/毫无疑问的。第二，情感，帝国和交流的纠缠可以通过如何控制交流主体在不断变化的“理想”主体之间（在熟悉的国家/世界性全球/积极进取的新自由主义者之间进行表现和振荡）来（使）定向混乱。第三，在这些交流中追踪殖民地的回声和幽灵，表明帝国迷失了方向，就像分析上的“不太传统的”那样。围绕新殖民主义逻辑和帝国主义“美国”进行的可以说是“常规”的分析，而其简单的诱人之处掩盖了这些计划中政府和执行机构的复杂性。最后，迷失方向使帝国受到挑战和瓦解，为9/11之后的美国文化外交开辟了可能性，并重新构想了包括它的自我关系。简而言之，本文的分析迷失取向可以导致文化外交的重新取向。围绕新殖民主义逻辑和帝国主义“美国”进行的可以说是“常规”的分析，同时由于其简单的诱人性，掩盖了这些计划中政府和执行机构的复杂性。最后，迷失方向使帝国受到挑战和破坏，为9/11之后的美国文化外交开辟了可能性，并重新构想了包括它的自我关系。简而言之，本文的分析迷失方向可以导致文化外交的重新取向。围绕新殖民主义逻辑和帝国主义“美国”进行的可以说是“常规”的分析，同时由于其简单的诱人性，掩盖了这些计划中政府和执行机构的复杂性。最后，迷失方向使帝国受到挑战和破坏，为9/11之后的美国文化外交开辟了可能性，并重新构想了包括它的自我关系。简而言之，本文的分析迷失取向可以导致文化外交的重新取向。