Abstract This paper reflects on the possibilities and limits of participatory mapping as a tool for interrogating the power–knowledge inequalities that structure indigenous peoples’ engagements with postcolonial state cartography and bureaucracy. I describe mapping activities conducted in a remote Guaraní community in the Bolivian Chaco as part of a research project exploring the dynamics and legacies of Native Community Lands, a national indigenous land titling programme. While these exercises were designed to explore the disjunctures between state and indigenous knowledges of territory, they generated unexpected power dynamics that led me to reflect more deeply on the power of maps, the pitfalls of ‘countermapping’ as an activist practice and my own imbrication in a bureaucratic field of power. The paper concludes that participatory mapping can be a fruitful if ambivalent method for studying state bureaucracy, which demonstrates the value of examining the legal-cartographic knowledges of the state ‘from the margins’ – including from the perspective of the people and places they claim to represent.

中文翻译：

---

矛盾的制图：通过参与式制图探索土著土地所有权的遗产

摘要 本文反思了参与式制图作为一种工具，用于探究构成土著人民与后殖民国家制图和官僚机构的互动的权力-知识不平等的可能性和局限性。我描述了在玻利维亚查科的一个偏远瓜拉尼社区进行的测绘活动，作为探索土著社区土地动态和遗产的研究项目的一部分，这是一个国家土著土地所有权计划。虽然这些练习旨在探索国家和本土知识之间的脱节，但它们产生了意想不到的权力动态，使我更深入地反思地图的力量、“反制图”作为一种激进主义实践的陷阱以及我自己在官僚权力领域。