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Humanitarian exploits: Ordinary displacement and the political economy of the global refugee regime
Critique of Anthropology ( IF 1.788 ) Pub Date : 2019-04-05 , DOI: 10.1177/0308275x19840417
Georgina Ramsay 1
Affiliation  

Can the displacement of refugees continue to be understood as exceptional? The recent global increase in refugees has prompted calls to develop new solutions to displacement that focus on integrating refugees into the local economies of nations that receive them. Transforming refugees from economic burdens to economic benefits does not, however, resolve displacement: doing so only shifts the project of refugee protection from a supposedly humanitarian imperative to an economic incentive. Examining how political economy intersects with moral economy in the global refugee regime by drawing on fieldwork conducted with refugees in Uganda and Australia, I describe how efforts to incorporate refugees into local economies not only fail to resolve their displacement but serve to exacerbate it, with such ‘humanitarian exploits’ transforming refugees from recipients of humanitarian aid to highly exploitable workers who are, in their words, unable to ‘make a life’. I consider that continuing to analyse refugees as objects of humanitarian intervention rather than actors in a globalised political economy is a way to reproduce the exceptionality of refugee experiences and conceal how their lives are implicated within and indicative of new formations of global capitalism. Not only is the displacement of refugees not exceptional: it is emblematic of an increasingly globalised experience of ordinary displacement through which citizenship and civic rights are stratified by reducing the value of human life to the potential to extract economic productivity.

中文翻译:

人道主义功绩:普通流离失所和全球难民政权的政治经济

难民的流离失所能否继续被理解为例外?最近全球难民的增加促使人们呼吁制定新的流离失所问题解决方案,重点是将难民融入接收国的当地经济。然而,将难民从经济负担转变为经济利益并不能解决流离失所问题:这样做只会将难民保护项目从所谓的人道主义必要性转变为经济激励措施。通过利用在乌干达和澳大利亚对难民进行的实地调查,研究政治经济如何与全球难民制度中的道德经济相交叉,我描述了将难民纳入当地经济的努力不仅无法解决他们的流离失所问题,而且还加剧了流离失所问题,这种“人道主义行为”将难民从人道主义援助的接受者转变为高度受剥削的工人,用他们的话来说,他们无法“谋生”。我认为,继续将难民分析为人道主义干预的对象,而不是全球化政治经济中的参与者,是再现难民经历的特殊性并隐藏他们的生活如何与全球资本主义的新形态有关并表明其存在的一种方式。难民的流离失所不仅不是例外:它象征着日益全球化的普通流离失所经历,通过这种经历,公民和公民权利被分层,将人类生命的价值降低到提取经济生产力的潜力。无法“创造生活”。我认为,继续将难民分析为人道主义干预的对象,而不是全球化政治经济中的参与者,是再现难民经历的特殊性并隐藏他们的生活如何与全球资本主义的新形态有关并表明其存在的一种方式。难民的流离失所不仅不是例外:它象征着日益全球化的普通流离失所经历,通过这种经历,公民和公民权利被分层,将人类生命的价值降低到提取经济生产力的潜力。无法“创造生活”。我认为,继续将难民分析为人道主义干预的对象,而不是全球化政治经济中的参与者,是再现难民经历的特殊性并隐藏他们的生活如何与全球资本主义的新形态有关并表明其存在的一种方式。难民的流离失所不仅不是例外:它象征着日益全球化的普通流离失所经历,通过这种经历,公民和公民权利被分层,将人类生命的价值降低到提取经济生产力的潜力。我认为,继续将难民分析为人道主义干预的对象,而不是全球化政治经济中的参与者,是再现难民经历的特殊性并隐藏他们的生活如何与全球资本主义的新形态有关并表明其存在的一种方式。难民的流离失所不仅不是例外:它象征着日益全球化的普通流离失所经历,通过这种经历,通过将人类生命的价值降低到提取经济生产力的潜力,公民和公民权利被分层。我认为,继续将难民分析为人道主义干预的对象,而不是全球化政治经济中的参与者,是再现难民经历的特殊性并隐藏他们的生活如何与全球资本主义的新形态有关并表明其存在的一种方式。难民的流离失所不仅不是例外:它象征着日益全球化的普通流离失所经历,通过这种经历,公民和公民权利被分层,将人类生命的价值降低到提取经济生产力的潜力。
更新日期:2019-04-05
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