Anti-human trafficking efforts by both state and non-state actors are proliferating across the United States (US). While there is ostensibly some merit in widespread awareness to generate social change, the reality is that the majority of these efforts rely on and support the violence of the carceral state. Using interviews with anti-trafficking stakeholders in the Midwestern US, I argue that anti-trafficking efforts depend on the policing of particular notions of criminality, femininity, sexuality, and victimhood that foster an environment where carceral measures are the only solutions to the exploitation of trafficking. Weaving together key theories from critical trafficking studies (Hill 2016; Kempadoo 2015; Musto 2016; Shih 2016; Srikantiah 2007) and penal spectatorship (Brown 2009), I argue that justice cannot exist in current punishment-centered approaches to ending human trafficking. A more expansive, structurally founded concept of accountability and recourse, not imprisonment (Davis 2003), is necessary to truly stop human trafficking and to meet the needs of trafficked persons in ethical ways.

国家和非国家行为者的反人口贩运活动在美国 (US) 范围内激增。虽然表面上广泛认识产生社会变革有一些好处，但现实是，这些努力中的大多数依赖并支持监狱国家的暴力。通过对美国中西部反人口贩运利益相关者的采访，我认为反人口贩运工作取决于对犯罪、女性气质、性行为和受害者的特定概念的监管，这些概念营造了一种环境，在这种环境中，监禁措施是剥削剥削的唯一解决方案。贩卖。将批判性贩运研究（Hill 2016；Kempadoo 2015；Musto 2016；Shih 2016；Srikantiah 2007）和刑事旁观（Brown 2009）的关键理论编织在一起，我认为，在当前以惩罚为中心的结束人口贩运的方法中，正义不存在。要真正制止人口贩运并以合乎道德的方式满足被贩运者的需求，就必须有一个更广泛、更结构化的问责和追索权概念，而不是监禁（戴维斯，2003 年）。