ABSTRACT The Australian government’s proposal to expand the Snowy Hydro Scheme to include a second pumped hydro energy storage (PHES) system, and support for feasibility studies for PHES in Tasmania, offer an opportunity to incorporate more intermittent renewable energy generation into the National Energy Market. However, the infrastructure construction required for PHES expansion may have negative effects for biodiversity in subalpine and alpine areas. To identify the potential effects of PHES on biodiversity in Kosciuszko National Park (KNP), this systematic literature review assesses: (i) the key environmental disturbances likely to arise from PHES construction; and (ii) the specific impacts of these construction processes on biodiversity in subalpine and alpine environments. We find that the effects of PHES construction-related disturbances are likely to be negative for subalpine and alpine biodiversity, with impacts including the proliferation of exotic flora, habitat loss resulting from vegetation clearing, altered landscape hydrology and reduced water quality. Management recommendations to limit these impacts are provided and further research is recommended to assess: (i) the effects of PHES on fish populations in alpine reservoirs; (ii) the utility of spoil as artificial habitat for endemic fauna; and (iii) the chemical and physical impacts of spoil dumping in alpine reservoirs.

中文翻译：

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抽水蓄能建设对亚高山和高山生物多样性影响的回顾：雪山抽水扩建项目的经验教训

摘要 澳大利亚政府提议扩大雪地水电计划以包括第二个抽水蓄能 (PHES) 系统，并支持塔斯马尼亚 PHES 的可行性研究，为将更多间歇性可再生能源发电纳入国家能源市场提供了机会。然而，PHES扩建所需的基础设施建设可能对亚高山和高山地区的生物多样性产生负面影响。为了确定 PHES 对 Kosciuszko 国家公园 (KNP) 生物多样性的潜在影响，本系统的文献综述评估了：(i) PHES 建设可能引起的主要环境干扰；(ii) 这些建造过程对亚高山和高山环境中生物多样性的具体影响。我们发现与 PHES 建设相关的干扰可能对亚高山和高山生物多样性产生负面影响，其影响包括外来植物群的增殖、植被清除导致的栖息地丧失、景观水文改变和水质下降。提供了限制这些影响的管理建议，并建议进一步研究以评估：(i) PHES 对高山水库鱼类种群的影响；(ii) 将弃土用作地方性动物的人工栖息地；(iii) 高山水库倾倒弃土的化学和物理影响。提供了限制这些影响的管理建议，并建议进一步研究以评估：(i) PHES 对高山水库鱼类种群的影响；(ii) 将弃土用作地方性动物的人工栖息地；(iii) 高山水库倾倒弃土的化学和物理影响。提供了限制这些影响的管理建议，并建议进一步研究以评估：(i) PHES 对高山水库鱼类种群的影响；(ii) 将弃土用作地方性动物的人工栖息地；(iii) 高山水库倾倒弃土的化学和物理影响。