ABSTRACT In community-owned windfarms, community members are involved in initiating, developing, owning and benefiting from the windfarm. As such, these projects facilitate multiple opportunities for local people to participate in development processes and outcomes. However, like any form of development, community-owned windfarms vary significantly from project to project. Specifically, projects employ different business models – including different economic arrangements, governance structures and community engagement practices – which have significant implications for the degree of community participation enabled and the types of social outcomes experienced. Through qualitative analysis of Australia's two (and only) operating community-owned windfarms, this article presents unique insights into the relationships between windfarm business models and social outcomes. The article reveals the importance of participation to realising a range of positive social outcomes, including experiences of empowerment and active support for wind energy. The findings indicate that community participation in windfarm processes and outcomes, over time and in ways that are sustained and multifaceted, contributes to generating conditions of strong social support. The insights are applicable to improving social outcomes across all models of wind development.

中文翻译：

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为风力发电提供强大的社会支持的条件：社区拥有的风能项目的见解

摘要在社区拥有的风电场中，社区成员参与启动，发展，拥有风电场并从中受益。因此，这些项目为当地人提供了参与发展过程和成果的多种机会。但是，与任何形式的开发一样，社区拥有的风电场在项目之间也存在很大差异。具体而言，项目采用不同的业务模型（包括不同的经济安排，治理结构和社区参与实践），这对启用社区参与的程度和经历的社会成果的类型具有重大影响。通过对澳大利亚的两个（也是唯一一个）运营中的社区拥有的风电场进行定性分析，本文对风电场业务模型与社会成果之间的关系提出了独特的见解。文章揭示了参与对于实现一系列积极的社会成果的重要性，包括增强风能和积极支持风能的经验。调查结果表明，随着时间的推移，社区以持续，多方面的方式参与风电场的过程和成果，有助于产生强有力的社会支持条件。这些见解适用于在所有风能发展模型中改善社会成果。调查结果表明，随着时间的推移，社区以持续，多方面的方式参与风电场的过程和成果，有助于产生强有力的社会支持条件。这些见解适用于在所有风能发展模型中改善社会成果。调查结果表明，随着时间的推移，社区以持续，多方面的方式参与风电场的过程和成果，有助于产生强有力的社会支持条件。这些见解适用于在所有风能发展模型中改善社会成果。