In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the importance of addressing the impact of both policy context and individual factors, as well as the interaction between the two, to explain inequalities between social groups. This paper uses data from the European Social Survey 2010 to examine how partnered mothers’ work–family conflict varies with educational level and child care for children 0–2 years old. The study uses multilevel methods and adjusts for several work-related factors, such as occupation, non-standard working hours and flexible schedule, as well as the partner’s time spent on paid and unpaid work. The results show that more educated mothers experience higher work–family conflict than less educated mothers do. The difference can be explained in full by work-related characteristics. Stratified analyses show that child care lowers the conflict, but only for the less educated mothers. In fact, child care seems to increase the conflict for more educated mothers of very young children. Furthermore, a positive interaction effect indicates larger educational differences in work–family conflict in countries with extensive child care. The present study underscores the importance of recognizing the intersection of education and family policy, as they both play an important role for work–family conflict.

中文翻译：

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女性工作家庭冲突中的教育差异

近年来，人们越来越重视解决政策背景和个人因素的影响以及两者之间的相互作用，以解释社会群体之间的不平等。本文使用 2010 年欧洲社会调查的数据来研究伴侣母亲的工作-家庭冲突如何随着教育水平和 0-2 岁儿童的托儿服务而变化。该研究使用多层次方法，并针对几个与工作相关的因素进行调整，例如职业、非标准工作时间和弹性工作时间，以及合作伙伴花在有偿和无偿工作上的时间。结果表明，受教育程度高的母亲比受教育程度低的母亲经历更多的工作-家庭冲突。这种差异可以通过与工作相关的特征来充分解释。分层分析表明，托儿服务降低了冲突，但仅适用于受教育程度较低的母亲。事实上，托儿服务似乎增加了受教育程度较高的幼儿母亲之间的冲突。此外，积极的互动效应表明，在拥有广泛托儿服务的国家，工作-家庭冲突中的教育差异更大。本研究强调了认识到教育和家庭政策的交叉点的重要性，因为它们都在工作-家庭冲突中发挥着重要作用。