The advent of “modern” education in Iran and its acceptance by political and cultural elites dates to the Qajar era. But the elitist nature of state reforms prevented modern education from spreading throughout society until the Pahlavi era. Especially during the reign of Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, modern education reached most segments of the population, including religious families from the middle classes. This research is based on Persian-language documents and informed by the English-language historiography. The article finds that the Islamic Education Society (Jāmeʿeh-ye taʿlimat-e eslāmi) propagated religious modernism through a national network of private schools beginning in the 1940s. In the 1950s and 1960s private cultural foundations used the Islamic Education Society’s model to establish the Alavi, Kamāl, and Refāh schools in Tehran. The network that supported them was a reflection of the revolutionary movement and a vehicle for its organization by the 1970s.

中文翻译：

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大学预科学校的宗教现代主义：穆罕默德·礼萨·沙阿·巴列维的伊朗案例

伊朗“现代”教育的出现及其被政治和文化精英的接受可以追溯到卡扎尔时代。但是，直到巴列维时代，国家改革的精英主义性质阻止了现代教育在整个社会中传播。尤其是在穆罕默德·礼萨·沙·巴列维统治时期，现代教育覆盖了大部分人口，包括来自中产阶级的宗教家庭。这项研究以波斯语文件为基础，并以英语史学为依据。文章发现，伊斯兰教育协会 (Jāmeʿeh-ye taʿlimat-e eslāmi) 从 1940 年代开始通过全国私立学校网络传播宗教现代主义。在 1950 和 1960 年代，私人文化基金会使用伊斯兰教育协会的模式在德黑兰建立了 Alavi、Kamāl 和 Refāh 学校。