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Palestinian Non-Violent Resistance and the Apartheid Analogy
Interventions ( IF 0.477 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-17 , DOI: 10.1080/1369801x.2020.1816853
Nina Fischer 1
Affiliation  

Israel/Palestine is a context in which the term “apartheid” keeps reappearing. As a historical analogy and cultural shorthand, it functions as a powerful Palestinian weapon when used to describe Israeli policy and actions in what amounts to a battle of narratives in the international arena. For a long time, Palestinians have been known primarily for their violent struggle, but employing loaded vocabulary to depict their lives and experiences under Israeli control is more than just using a certain word, it is a strategic choice. The earliest uses of the apartheid analogy have long been placed in the 1970s, however, evidence of its use can already be found before the United Nation’s General Assembly declared apartheid a crime in 1973. The first instances happened simultaneously with the development of the organized Palestinian national movement in the 1960s. Focusing on Fayez Sayegh (1922–1980), an academic and UN special rapporteur to the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, I argue such historical analogies need to be read as a non-violent tactic of resistance within the Palestinian struggle. Sayegh was almost singlehandedly responsible for introducing the apartheid analogy at the United Nations – my primary contextual interest. His analyses of racial segregation, however, were thoroughly countered, making his engagement for Palestine seem like a failure. And yet his early attempts to bring the apartheid analogy into wide circulation, along with the increasingly more complicated situation on the ground, show results. Today, the term has become common usage in describing Israel and puts enormous pressure on the country. The spread of the apartheid analogy shows that non-violent forms of Palestinian resistance, which in the 1960s and 1970s were almost invisible internationally, long existed.



中文翻译:

巴勒斯坦非暴力抵抗和种族隔离类比

以色列/巴勒斯坦是“种族隔离”一词不断重新出现的背景。作为一个历史类比和文化速记,当它被用来描述以色列在国际舞台上的叙事之战中的政策和行动时,它就像一种强大的巴勒斯坦武器。长期以来,巴勒斯坦人主要以其暴力斗争而闻名,但使用大量词汇来描述他们在以色列控制下的生活和经历不仅仅是使用某个词,而是一种战略选择。种族隔离类比的最早使用早在 1970 年代就已出现,但是,在 1973 年联合国大会宣布种族隔离为犯罪之前,已经可以找到使用该类比的证据。第一个实例与 1960 年代有组织的巴勒斯坦民族运动的发展同时发生。以 Fayez Sayegh (1922–1980) 为中心,他是《消除一切形式种族歧视国际公约》的学术和联合国特别报告员,我认为这种历史类比需要被视为巴勒斯坦内部的一种非暴力抵抗策略斗争。Sayegh 几乎独自负责在联合国引入种族隔离类比——我的主要背景利益。然而,他对种族隔离的分析遭到了彻底的反驳,使他对巴勒斯坦的参与似乎是失败的。然而,随着当地局势日益复杂,他早期将种族隔离类比广泛传播的尝试显示了结果。今天,这个词已经成为描述以色列的常用词,并给这个国家带来了巨大的压力。种族隔离类比的传播表明,在 1960 年代和 1970 年代在国际上几乎看不到的非暴力形式的巴勒斯坦抵抗长期存在。

更新日期:2020-09-17
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