Are protest movements nationally specific or does EU policy integration cause national movements to converge? Drawing on data from a protest event analysis that covers a period from 1995 to 2009, the study compares anti-GM movements in Austria, France, Germany, Spain and the UK. Focusing on the variables of movement intensity, targets, action repertoires, composition and temporal dynamics, the comparison carves out both commonalities and national specificities and examines theoretical causal mechanisms. The analysis confirms that each national movement presents a specific picture while convergence remains relatively insignificant and limited to a few aspects. In addition to examining the convergence thesis the study provides a descriptive analysis of national variants of the European anti-GM movement.

抗议运动是针对特定国家的还是欧盟政策整合导致国家运动趋同？该研究利用涵盖 1995 年至 2009 年期间的抗议事件分析数据，比较了奥地利、法国、德国、西班牙和英国的反转基因运动。该比较侧重于运动强度、目标、动作库、组成和时间动态等变量，挖掘共性和国家特殊性，并检验理论因果机制。分析证实，每个民族运动都呈现出特定的画面，而趋同仍然相对微不足道，并且仅限于几个方面。除了检查趋同论点之外，该研究还对欧洲反转基因运动的国家变体进行了描述性分析。