ABSTRACT

Prior planning of shelters and evacuation routes is the foundation of effective and safe post flood management. In this study, a hierarchical model for emergency shelter location selection in preparation for immediate, short-term, and long-term floods was developed. To ensure the safety of evacuation routes, levels of walking evacuation risk were classified based on inundation depth and flow rate, and high-risk areas were set as barriers in the network analysis. Accessibility, safety from inundation, service accessibility, and facility capacity were set as criteria for location selection to ensure evacuation safety and the capacity to provide the services necessary to maintain the lives of evacuees in shelters. Candidate locations in a flood shelter case study area were selected, and their characteristics compared with those of existing designated shelters via a grading system. The candidate shelters were found to be preferable in terms of safety and service capacity. The model presented here considers the viability of walking evacuation on flooded roads and a selection of methodologies for each type of flood shelter, thereby providing insight into the design of an integrative model to address the complex decision-making processes involved in flood shelter selection and post-flood management.

摘要

事先规划避难所和疏散路线是有效和安全的洪水后管理的基础。在这项研究中，开发了一个用于紧急避难所位置选择的分层模型，以准备应对近期、短期和长期的洪水。为确保疏散路线的安全，根据淹没深度和流速对步行疏散风险进行分级，并在网络分析中设置高风险区域作为障碍。可达性、洪水安全性、服务可达性和设施容量被设定为地点选择标准，以确保疏散安全和提供维持避难所疏散人员生活所需服务的能力。选择了防洪避难所案例研究区的候选位置，并通过分级系统将它们的特性与现有指定庇护所的特性进行比较。就安全和服务能力而言，候选庇护所被认为更可取。此处介绍的模型考虑了在被洪水淹没的道路上步行疏散的可行性，以及为每种类型的防洪设施选择的方法，从而深入了解集成模型的设计，以解决防洪设施选择和发布过程中涉及的复杂决策过程。 - 洪水管理。