ABSTRACT

The manual coding of nonverbal cues by trained human coders, such as counting the occurrence of a specific behavior or subjective rating about a speaker, is still a major method in the study of nonverbal synchrony. However, its time-consuming nature has been a serious barrier to the development of the field and has made it difficult for new scholars to adopt the technique. Recent advances in automated coding techniques allow researchers to collect nonverbal behavioral data effectively and objectively, but it is unclear how comparable the manual and automated coding methods are. This study, therefore, directly compared both methods of coding in a face-to-face conversation experiment. In the manual coding, a software system C-BAS was employed to count the occurrence of synchrony in gesture, posture, nodding, and other cues. In the automated coding, a cross-correlation analysis and a cross-wavelet coherence analysis were separately performed for the participant’s movement data. The results showed that the manual and automated coding were moderately correlated, and yielded similar significant differences between experimental conditions of conversational involvement in the degree of synchrony. Further, synchrony measured via both coding techniques was significantly associated with post-conversation self-reports. The advantages and disadvantages of both techniques are discussed.

摘要

由训练有素的人类编码员对非语言线索进行手动编码，例如计算特定行为的发生或对说话者的主观评价，仍然是研究非语言同步性的主要方法。然而，其耗时的性质已严重阻碍了该领域的发展，并使新学者难以采用该技术。自动编码技术的最新进展使研究人员能够有效和客观地收集非语言行为数据，但尚不清楚手动和自动编码方法的可比性。因此，本研究在面对面对话实验中直接比较了两种编码方法。在手动编码中，使用软件系统 C-BAS 来计算手势、姿势、点头和其他提示同步的发生。在自动编码中，对参与者的运动数据分别进行了互相关分析和交叉小波相干分析。结果表明，手动编码和自动编码具有中等相关性，并且在同步程度的会话参与实验条件之间产生了类似的显着差异。此外，通过两种编码技术测量的同步性与对话后的自我报告显着相关。讨论了这两种技术的优点和缺点。并且在会话参与的同步程度的实验条件之间产生了类似的显着差异。此外，通过两种编码技术测量的同步性与对话后的自我报告显着相关。讨论了这两种技术的优点和缺点。并且在会话参与的同步程度的实验条件之间产生了类似的显着差异。此外，通过两种编码技术测量的同步性与对话后的自我报告显着相关。讨论了这两种技术的优点和缺点。