Does national context shape the relationship between religious attendance and women's gender ideologies? Although previous studies have examined gender and religion within a single national context (and often in a single faith community), few have done so using a cross‐national comparative perspective. This has left a significant gap in our understanding of how gender and religion operate in distinctive national contexts. Relying on survey data collected in 37 countries, this study analyzes how the relationship between religious attendance and women's gender ideologies is conditioned by their country's gender inequality. The findings indicate that while women's religious attendance is, on average, negatively related to egalitarian gender ideologies, this association is conditioned by religious affiliation. The relationship is also contingent on the level of gender inequality experienced, and grows weaker in countries with more prominent gender inequality. This study reveals the mechanisms that contextualize the intersection of gender and religion.

中文翻译：

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宗教妇女更传统吗？性别与宗教的全国性考试

国家背景是否会影响宗教出席率与女性性别意识形态之间的关系？尽管以前的研究在一个国家范围内（通常在一个信仰团体中）研究了性别和宗教，但很少有人使用跨国比较视角进行研究。这在我们对性别和宗教如何在独特的国家背景下运作方面的理解上留下了巨大的空白。依靠在37个国家/地区收集的调查数据，本研究分析了宗教出勤与女性性别意识形态之间的关系如何受到其国家性别不平等状况的制约。调查结果表明，尽管妇女的宗教出席平均与平等的性别意识形态负相关，但这种联系是以宗教信仰为条件的。这种关系还取决于所经历的性别不平等程度，在性别不平等更为突出的国家中这种关系变得越来越弱。这项研究揭示了将性别与宗教交融情境化的机制。