The activation trend in social policy entails that caseworkers on the frontlines of the welfare state are expected to decide ‘reasonable’ activation requirements for clients and when and how non-compliance should be sanctioned. This study investigates how caseworkers form judgements about their clients’ personal responsibility when activation requirements are violated and how their judgements about responsibility matter for the sanctions they impose. We find that caseworkers are sensitive to personal responsibility, varying the motivation for not fulfilling the activation requirement from a case where the client has less control (circumstances) to one with more control (choice) more than doubles sanctions.

中文翻译：

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制裁意愿：在对福利转工作计划中的违规行为实施制裁时，个案工作者对接受者责任的敏感程度如何？

社会政策的激活趋势要求福利国家前线的个案工作者需要决定对客户的“合理”激活要求以及何时以及如何制裁违规行为。本研究调查了个案工作者在违反激活要求时如何形成对客户个人责任的判断，以及他们对责任的判断如何影响他们施加的制裁。我们发现，个案工作者对个人责任很敏感，不满足激活要求的动机从客户控制较少（情况）到控制（选择）多于制裁加倍的案例。