This study re‐examined the poverty cycle among American middle‐aged (45~64) and older (≥65) adults using contemporary data and has expanded the understanding of sociodemographic differences in the poverty cycle. Longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (2002–2014) were used. Life tables examined age‐specific and cumulative percentages of poverty. Mixed‐effect logistic regression models examined the moderation role of sociodemographic characteristics in the relationship between age and poverty. The poverty proportion increased rapidly starting at age 75. The growth rate of poverty risk in late adulthood was found to be greater among women and those who did not receive public pensions. Gender divides in poverty risk in late adulthood could be attributed to the cumulative disadvantages of women’s social roles. The beneficial role of Social Security in late adulthood was supported. Policy advocacy efforts should address the needs of those who are financially vulnerable. Policy options such as financial education and retirement planning were recommended.

中文翻译：

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重新审视成年中后期的贫困周期：2002-2014年健康与退休研究的证据

这项研究使用当代数据重新审视了美国中年（45〜64）和老年人（≥65）成年人的贫困周期，并扩大了对贫困周期中社会人口统计学差异的理解。使用了《健康与退休研究》（2002-2014）的纵向数据。寿命表检查了特定年龄段和累积贫困率。混合效应逻辑回归模型检验了社会人口统计学特征在年龄与贫困之间关系中的调节作用。从75岁开始，贫困率迅速增加。发现在成年后期，妇女以及未领取公共养老金的人中，贫困风险的增长率更高。成年后期贫困风险中的性别差异可归因于妇女社会角色的累积劣势。支持了社会保障在成年后期的有益作用。政策倡导工作应解决经济脆弱者的需求。建议采取诸如金融教育和退休计划之类的政策选择。