Individuals with mental illness are overrepresented in custodial settings. We examine the overlap between incarceration and diagnosed mental illness in a population-based cohort born in Queensland in 1990. Data were extracted when the cohort was 23 or 24 years old. The population included 44,952 individuals (6.3 per cent Indigenous Australians, 45.8 per cent male), of which 1.5 per cent (n = 690) had at least one custodial sentence, and 6.1 per cent (n = 2,723) had at least one inpatient mental health diagnosis. Most individuals (91.5 per cent) with a mental health diagnosis did not have a custodial sentence. However, a substantial proportion of individuals (33.6 per cent) with a custodial sentence also had an inpatient mental health diagnosis. When examined by gender and Indigenous status, clear patterns emerged. Indigenous Australians were overrepresented in both the mental health and prison systems. Females with a custodial sentence were more likely than males to have a mental health diagnosis. Our analysis highlights the vulnerability of individuals with mental illness within the prison system.

中文翻译：

---

精神疾病和监禁的终生患病率：按性别和原住民地位分析

精神病患者在羁押场所的比例过高。我们在 1990 年出生于昆士兰的人群队列中检查了监禁和诊断出的精神疾病之间的重叠。数据是在队列 23 或 24 岁时提取的。人口包括 44,952 人（6.3% 的澳大利亚土著人，45.8% 的男性），其中 1.5%（n  = 690）至少被判过一次监禁，6.1%（n = 2,723) 至少有一项住院精神健康诊断。大多数有心理健康诊断的人（91.5%）没有被判监禁。然而，很大一部分（33.6%）被判监禁的人也有住院心理健康诊断。当按性别和原住民身份进行检查时，出现了清晰的模式。土著澳大利亚人在心理健康和监狱系统中的比例过高。被判监禁的女性比男性更有可能进行心理健康诊断。我们的分析强调了监狱系统中精神疾病患者的脆弱性。