This article analyzes the land conflict between plantation owners and indigenous activists in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, by ethnographically tracing the role of state‐issued identification and work documents in the subjugation of Indigenous laborers. Some state agencies contradictorily attempt to protect rural workers via the proliferation of such documents. In practice, this serves only to invisibly bind Indigenous workers to networks of local strongmen, who effectively operate as their overseers. As such, work documents facilitate new, but familiar, forms of exploitation of racialized labor. These circumstances are part of the impetus and logic of Indigenous land protesters’ “occupation” of agribusiness plantations. Activists seek to reclaim land as a counter to historical and ongoing conditions of displacement and coercion. [land conflict, labor, race, Indigeneity, Brazil]

中文翻译：

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被监督和未被监督：巴西的农业综合企业种植园，土著劳工和土地斗争

本文通过人种志追踪国家颁发的身份证件和工作文件在征服土著劳工方面的作用，分析了巴西南马托格罗索州的种植园所有者与土著活动家之间的土地冲突。一些国家机构矛盾地试图通过散布此类文件来保护农民工。实际上，这仅是为了将土著工人与当地强人网络无形地捆绑在一起，后者有效地充当了监督者的角色。因此，工作文件促进了对种族化劳动的新的但熟悉的剥削形式。这些情况是土著土地抗议者“占领”农业综合企业种植园的动力和逻辑的一部分。激进主义者寻求开垦土地，以抵制历史和持续的流离失所和胁迫条件。[土地冲突，劳工，种族，原住民，巴西]