Purpose

The purpose of this study isto synthesize recent empirical research investigating memory of stressful critical incidents (both simulated and occurring in the field) among law enforcement officers.

Design/methodology/approach

The study used the approach of systematic state-of-the-art review.

Findings

In total, 20 studies of police and military officers show reduced detail and accuracy of high- versus low-stress incidents, especially for peripheral versus target information. Decrements in memory performance were mediated by the extent of physiological stress responses. Delayed recall accuracy was improved among officers that engaged in immediate post-incident rehearsal, including independent debriefing or reviewing body-worn camera footage.

Research limitations/implications

Most studies were not found through systematic database searches, highlighting a need for broader indexing and/or open access publishing to make research more accessible.

Practical implications

By understanding how stress physiology enhances or interferes with memory encoding, consolidation and recall, evidence-based practices surrounding post-incident evidence gathering are recommended.

Social implications

The current review addresses common public misconceptions of enhanced cognitive performance among police relative to the average citizen.

Originality/value

The current work draws from scientific knowledge about the pervasive influence of stress physiology on memory to inform existing practices surrounding post-incident evidence gathering among police.

中文翻译：

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压力和记忆：系统的最新技术审查，为警察提供证据收集建议

目的

这项研究的目的是综合最近的实证研究，调查对执法人员之间的压力性紧急事件（包括模拟事件和现场事件）的记忆。

设计/方法/方法

该研究采用了系统的最新技术审查方法。

发现

总计，对警察和军官进行的20项研究表明，高压力事件与低压力事件的细节和准确性降低了，尤其是外围信息与目标信息相比。记忆力的下降是由生理应激反应的程度介导的。事发后立即进行彩排的人员，包括独立汇报或检查身体佩戴的摄像机镜头，可以提高延迟召回的准确性。

研究局限/意义

多数研究未通过系统的数据库搜索找到，这突出表明需要更广泛的索引编制和/或开放获取发布以使研究更容易获得。

实际影响

通过了解压力生理如何增强或干扰记忆编码，巩固和记忆，建议围绕事后证据收集的循证实践。

社会影响

当前的审查解决了公众对警察相对于普通公民认知能力增强的误解。

创意/价值

当前的工作是从有关应激生理对记忆的普遍影响的科学知识中汲取的，为围绕事发后在警察之间收集证据的现有做法提供了信息。