The aim of this review is to assess empirical studies from the last 2 decades that have examined the association between cumulative stressors and adolescent substance use. Cumulative stressors were measured in these studies with adverse childhood experiences or adolescent stressful life events inventories. The 109 articles meeting the eligibility criteria that emerged from the review demonstrated a consistent, yet modest, association between cumulative stressors and adolescent substance use. Of note, several studies found that the associations were moderated or mediated by genetic factors related to cortisol regulation, intrapersonal factors such as low self-control, or interpersonal factors such as peer substance use. The review’s findings thus suggest that efforts to reduce the effects of cumulative stressors on substance use could gainfully identify and target these risk moderators and mediators.

本综述的目的是评估过去 20 年的实证研究，这些研究检验了累积压力源与青少年物质使用之间的关联。在这些研究中，通过不良童年经历或青少年压力生活事件清单测量了累积压力源。审查中出现的符合资格标准的 109 篇文章表明，累积压力源与青少年物质使用之间存在一致但适度的关联。值得注意的是，一些研究发现，这些关联受到与皮质醇调节相关的遗传因素、自我控制能力低等个人因素或同伴物质使用等人际关系因素的调节或介导。