Indigenous peoples have found the nationalist language of peoples’ inherent right to self-determination helpful in articulating their political demands. Gerald Taiaiake Alfred’s model of indigenous nationalism explains the emergence of this form of indigenous self-assertion as a reaction to settler-colonial incursions. However, it cannot account for the timing of its recent successes in unsettling the status quo of indigenous–settler-state relations. This article addresses this limitation by incorporating Michael Keating’s concept of post-sovereignty, which highlights the supranational plane constraining states’ freedom of action, while providing indigenous peoples with laws and norms above state level to appeal to. Additionally, Keating’s concept of plurinationalism is drawn upon to capture the emerging reconfiguration of indigenous–settler-state relations. This combined conceptual framework is used to illuminate the Sámi people’s relations to the Nordic states as expressive of emergent indigenous nationalism, formed in reaction to settler-colonialism and enabled by international norms, laws and global indigenous peoples’ networks.

中文翻译：

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土著（多元）民族主义的兴起：萨米人的案例

土著人民发现民族自决权的民族主义语言有助于阐明他们的政治要求。Gerald Taiaiake Alfred 的土著民族主义模型解释了这种形式的土著自我主张的出现是对定居者殖民入侵的反应。然而，它无法解释其最近在扰乱原住民-定居者-国家关系现状方面取得成功的时机。本文通过结合迈克尔基廷的后主权概念来解决这一限制，该概念强调了限制国家行动自由的超国家层面，同时为土著人民提供了高于国家层面的法律和规范以供诉求。此外，基廷的多民族主义概念被用来捕捉土著-定居者-国家关系的新兴重构。这个组合的概念框架被用来阐明萨米人与北欧国家的关系，作为新兴土著民族主义的表现，是对定居者殖民主义的反应，并受到国际规范、法律和全球土著人民网络的支持。