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A cudgel of repression: Analysing state instrumentalisation of the ‘fake news’ label in Southeast Asia
Journalism ( IF 3.194 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-30 , DOI: 10.1177/1464884920984060
Ric Neo 1
Affiliation  

Fake news has been recognised as a pressing issue by scholars, who have highlighted the destabilising impact it portends in societies. Beyond an understanding of the empirical effects of fake news on democratic institutions that recent scholarship has shed light on, emergent research also points to the potential of fake news being weaponised as a discursive tool to achieve political ends. In that light, this study sets out to analyse the discourses of fake news as advanced by states. Results from a critical discourse analysis of articles relating to fake news (n = 450) from four countries – Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore and Vietnam – reveal four key findings: first, fake news is being framed as an existential security issue that directly threatens foundational societal values. Second, fake news as an issue is constructed as a new and unprecedented contemporary problem, and compared on equal terms to other security threats such as terrorism, chemical attacks and cyberwarfare. Third, the threat of fake news is used to justify the passing of broad-reaching legislation and curbs on free speech that are construed as aligned with global democratic norms. Lastly, the term is used to facilitate unsubstantiated ‘lying press’ accusations against media outlets. Overall, this study suggests that fake news can be damaging to the quality of democracies not only as a result of its dissemination, but also through the discursive instrumentalisation of the term to curb civil liberties and justify crackdowns.



中文翻译:

镇压的摇篮:分析东南亚国家对“假新闻”标签的工具化

假新闻已被学者们认为是紧迫的问题,他们强调了假新闻对社会的不稳定影响。除了对假新闻对民主制度的经验影响的理解(最近的学术研究已经阐明)之外,新兴研究还指出,假新闻有可能被武器化为实现政治目的的话语手段。有鉴于此,本研究着手分析国家对假新闻的论述。对与假新闻有关的文章进行批判性话语分析的结果(n = 450)来自四个国家(柬埔寨,马来西亚,新加坡和越南)的四个主要发现:首先,假新闻被视为直接威胁基本社会价值观的存在性安全问题。其次,假新闻作为一个问题被构造为一个新的,前所未有的当代问题,并与其他安全威胁(例如恐怖主义,化学袭击和网络战)进行了比较。第三,虚假新闻的威胁被用来证明通过了广泛的立法和限制言论自由的理由,这些立法被认为与全球民主规范保持一致。最后,该术语用于促进针对媒体出口的未经证实的“说谎新闻”指控。总体而言,这项研究表明,虚假新闻不仅会传播民主,还会损害民主国家的质量,

更新日期:2021-01-14
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