In war-torn countries, elections are held to support peacebuilding, but they sometimes trigger new violence. While peacekeeping operations (PKOs) regularly accompany electoral periods, we lack systematic knowledge on how they influence election-related violence. I argue that variation in peacekeepers’ activities is fundamentally important: only if PKOs assist with securing and organizing elections can they reduce election-related violence. Using novel data on PKOs’ election-related activities and accounting for endogeneity in both peacekeeping deployment and activities, the analyses of all 630 elections in conflict-affected countries support this expectation. The result implies that the design of PKOs is crucial for effectively managing post-war political transitions.

在饱受战争war的国家，举行选举以支持建设和平，但有时会引发新的暴力。虽然维持和平行动定期在选举期间进行，但我们缺乏关于维持和平行动如何影响与选举有关的暴力的系统知识。我认为，维持和平人员活动的差异至关重要，只有维和部派协助协助确保和组织选举，他们才能减少与选举有关的暴力。利用有关维和部与选举有关的活动的新数据，并考虑到维和部署和活动中的内生性，对受冲突影响国家的所有630次选举的分析支持了这一期望。结果表明，维和行动的设计对于有效管理战后政治过渡至关重要。