Computer-mediated communication (CMC), and specifically social media, may affect the mental health (MH) and well-being of its users, for better or worse. Research on this topic has accumulated rapidly, accompanied by controversial public debate and numerous systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Yet, a higher-level integration of the multiple disparate conceptual and operational approaches to CMC and MH and individual review findings is desperately needed. To this end, we first develop two organizing frameworks that systematize conceptual and operational approaches to CMC and MH. Based on these frameworks, we integrate the literature through a meta-review of 34 reviews and a content analysis of 594 publications. Meta-analytic evidence, overall, suggests a small negative association between social media use and MH. However, effects are complex and depend on the CMC and MH indicators investigated. Based on our conceptual review and the evidence synthesis, we devise an agenda for future research in this interdisciplinary field.

计算机介导的通信（CMC），尤其是社交媒体，可能会或多或少地影响其用户的心理健康（MH）和幸福感。关于这一主题的研究迅速积累，伴随着有争议的公众辩论以及许多系统的评论和荟萃分析。但是，迫切需要将CMC和MH的多种不同的概念和操作方法与个人审查结果进行更高级别的集成。为此，我们首先开发两个组织框架，这些框架将CMC和MH的概念和操作方法系统化。在这些框架的基础上，我们通过元审查来整合文献34条评论中的594条出版物进行了内容分析。总体而言，荟萃分析证据表明社交媒体使用与MH之间存在较小的负相关。但是，影响是复杂的，取决于所研究的CMC和MH指标。基于我们的概念审查和证据综合，我们设计了一个跨学科领域的未来研究议程。