The Atherogenic Index of Plasma is a predictive biomarker of atherosclerosis in adults but there is a lack of studies in paediatric population aimed at evaluating the longitudinal changes of the AIP and of the cardiometabolic blood profile related to nutritional interventions. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of individual- versus collective-based nutritional-lifestyle intervention on the Atherogenic Index of Plasma in schoolchildren with obesity. One-hundred sixty-four children aged 6–12 years with Body Mass Index z-score > 2 referred to the Paediatric Obesity Clinic, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy, were consecutively enrolled and randomized to undergo to either an individual- (n = 82) or a collective- (n = 82) based intervention promoting a balanced normo-caloric diet and physical activity. In addition, the individual intervention included a tailored personalized nutritional advice and education based on the revised Coventry, Aberdeen, and London-Refined taxonomy. Both at baseline and after 12 months of intervention, dietary habits and anthropometric measures were assessed, a fasting blood sample were taken for biochemistry analysis. The participation rate at 12 months was 93.3% (n = 153 patients), 76 children in the individual-intervention and 77 children in the collective intervention. At univariate analysis, mean longitudinal change in Atherogenic Index of Plasma was greater in the individual than collective intervention (− 0.12 vs. − 0.05), as well as change in triglyceride-glucose index (− 0.22 vs. − 0.08) and Body Mass Index z-score (− 0.59 vs. − 0.37). At multiple analysis, only change in Body Mass Index z-score remained independently associated with intervention (odds ratio 3.37). In children with obesity, an individual-based nutritional and lifestyle intervention, including techniques from the CALO-RE taxonomy, could have an additional beneficial effect over a collective-based intervention, although the actual size of the effect remains to be clarified. Trial Registration Clinical Trials NCT03728621

中文翻译：

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基于个体或集体的营养生活方式干预对肥胖儿童血浆动脉粥样硬化指数的影响：一项随机试验

血浆的动脉粥样硬化指数是成人动脉粥样硬化的一种预测性生物标志物，但在儿科人群中缺乏旨在评估AIP的纵向变化以及与营养干预有关的心脏代谢血型的研究。这项研究的目的是比较个体和集体基于营养生活方式的干预对肥胖学童血浆血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数的影响。连续入选了意大利米兰圣保罗医院小儿肥胖诊所的64名体重指数z得分> 2的6至12岁儿童，并将其随机分为一名（n = 82）或基于集体（n = 82）的干预措施，以促进均衡的高热量饮食和身体活动。此外，个人干预措施包括根据修订的考文垂，阿伯丁和伦敦精分类法进行的量身定制的个性化营养建议和教育。在基线和干预后12个月，评估饮食习惯和人体测量学指标，抽取空腹血样进行生化分析。在12个月时的参与率为93.3％（n = 153例患者），个体干预的76名儿童和集体干预的77名儿童。在单变量分析中，个体血浆血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数的平均纵向变化大于集体干预（-0.12 vs.-0.05），以及甘油三酸酯-葡萄糖指数的变化（-0.22 vs.-0.08）和体重指数z得分（-0.59与-0.37）。经过多重分析 只有体重指数z得分的变化仍与干预独立相关（优势比3.37）。在肥胖儿童中，基于个体的营养和生活方式干预，包括来自CALO-RE分类法的技术，可能会比基于集体干预的干预产生额外的有益效果，尽管这种影响的实际规模尚待阐明。试验注册临床试验NCT03728621