Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC is a traditional Vietnamese medicine to treat coughs, stomachache, toothache, blood stagnation, and sore throats. The essential oils (EOs) of the leaves, fruits, and stems of this plant were extracted by hydrodistillation and subjected to analysis by gas chromatography (GC)-flame ionization detector (FID) and GC-mass spectrometry (MS). The isolated EOs were then evaluated in terms of their antimicrobial activity by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay and in vitro cytotoxic effect against 5 human tumor cell lines. GC-MS-FID analysis showed 35, 32, and 25 compounds accounting for 97.6%, 91.7%, and 96.2% of the total EO contents from the leaves, fruits, and stems, respectively. The major compounds of the leaf EO were limonene (44.3%), β-caryophyllene (12.5%), linalool (11.0%), germacrene D (5.3%), and α-pinene (4.9%); the major compounds of the fruit EO were n-pentadecane (34.8%), sabinene (18.3%), and n-heptadecane (4.7%), and the major components of the stem EO were 2-undecanone (72.3%), β-caryophyllene (5.8%), and germacrene D (4.0%). The EOs of leaves, fruits, and stems of Z. nitidum exhibited antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Fusarium oxysporum with MIC values of 100 µg/mL. The leaf and branch EOs exhibited cytotoxic activity against all tested cancer cell lines, especially A-549 and HepG-2. Findings from the present study provide important knowledge about the potential uses of Z. nitidum EOs as a natural antibacterial and antitumor agents.

Zanthoxylum nitidum（Roxb。）DC是越南的传统药物，用于治疗咳嗽，胃痛，牙痛，血瘀和喉咙痛。通过水蒸馏法提取该植物的叶，果实和茎的精油（EOs），并通过气相色谱（GC）-火焰电离检测器（FID）和GC-质谱（MS）进行分析。然后通过最小抑菌浓度（MIC）分析和针对5种人类肿瘤细胞系的体外细胞毒性作用，对分离出的EOs的抗菌活性进行评估。GC-MS-FID分析表明，有35、32和25种化合物分别占叶片，果实和茎中总EO含量的97.6％，91.7％和96.2％。叶片EO的主要化合物是柠檬烯（44.3％），β-石竹烯（12.5％），芳樟醇（11.0％），germ烯D（5.3％）和α- pine烯（4.9％）；果EO的主要化合物是Ñ -pentadecane（34.8％），桧（18.3％），和Ñ -heptadecane（4.7％），和杆EO的主要成分是2-十一烷酮（72.3％），β -石竹烯（5.8％）和germ（D）（4.0％）。针叶梭菌的叶，果实和茎的EOs对枯草芽孢杆菌，大肠杆菌和尖孢镰刀菌均具有抗菌活性MIC值为100 µg / mL。叶片和分支的EOs对所有测试的癌细胞系，特别是A-549和HepG-2，表现出细胞毒活性。从本研究中获得的发现提供了有关编织针叶黄酮EOs作为天然抗菌剂和抗肿瘤剂的潜在用途的重要知识。