Introduction

One major stressor of adolescents relates to the pressure students perceive from their parents accompanied by high academic expectations, while in contrast parental support is related to low levels of stress. However, it is not clear whether the perceived parental pressure and support contribute to a change in students’ stress level from early to middle adolescence and if there are differences among students from low vs. high track schools.

Methods

Thus, based on the conservation of resources theory, this two-wave study examined the role of perceived maternal and paternal pressure and support for students’ general stress level from grades 8 to 9 among students attending high- and low-track schools by applying multigroup multilevel latent change modeling based on data from 1088 8^th grade students (M _Age = 13.70, SD = 0.53, 53.9% girls at Time 1).

Results

Results indicate that the general stress level from early to middle adolescence increases for students from low-track schools only. This change increases even more if students from lowtrack schools perceive pressure from their fathers, whereas perceived paternal support dampen the increase of stress. For students from high-track schools, perceived maternal pressure is positively and maternal support negatively related to students’ stress level in grade 8. Overall, boys tend to report lower stress levels compared to girls.

Conclusions

The findings of the present study support the conservation of resources theory, as both perceived support and pressure from parents and the educational context predict students’ stress development during adolescence.

中文翻译：

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与学校相关的压力和父母的支持是学生从青春期早期到中期的压力水平变化的预测因素

介绍

青少年的一个主要压力源与学生从父母那里感受到的压力以及高学业期望有关，而相比之下，父母的支持与低压力有关。然而，目前尚不清楚感知到的父母压力和支持是否会导致学生从青春期早期到中期的压力水平发生变化，以及低年级和高年级学生之间是否存在差异。

方法

因此，基于资源节约理论，这项两波研究通过应用多组研究了高低轨学校学生中 8 至 9 年级的感知母体和父亲压力的作用以及对学生总体压力水平的支持。多级潜变化模型基于数据从1088 8^个年级学生（中号 _年龄= 13.70，SD = 0.53，在时间1 53.9％女孩）。

结果

结果表明，仅来自低轨学校的学生从青春期早期到中期的总体压力水平会增加。如果来自低轨学校的学生感受到来自父亲的压力，而感受到父亲的支持会抑制压力的增加，这种变化会更大。对于来自高年级学校的学生，感知到的母亲压力与 8 年级学生的压力水平呈正相关，而母亲的支持与学生的压力水平呈负相关。总体而言，与女孩相比，男孩的压力水平往往较低。

结论

本研究的结果支持资源保护理论，因为来自父母和教育环境的感知支持和压力都可以预测学生在青春期的压力发展。