Abstract

The importance of innovation for effective responses to climate change is widely asserted, but exactly how and whom innovation helps adapt has received little systematic attention. In this synthetic review, a practice-oriented framework is used to show that innovations which contribute to adaptation in the aquaculture sector include changes to the material, procedural and informational dimensions of practice. The material dimension is dominated by concerns with cost and competitiveness, whereas for the procedural dimension issues of skills and compliance arise, and for the informational dimension, key issues are trust, reliability and persuasiveness. A secondary classification into ten types of practices identified additional associations with adaptation mechanisms, for instance, technical practices are followed and adjusted to reduce and manage risks, while many infrastructural and technological practices aim to control rearing environments. Innovation has been driven more by concerns with increasing productivity, disease control, and food safety than extreme weather events and climate change. Nevertheless, many new practices have significant implications for adaptation. This study also shows that innovation and adaptation are timebound and face social limits, and these are better understood when different dimensions and types of practice, sources of innovation, and mechanisms of adaptation are distinguished.

摘要

人们普遍认为，创新对于有效应对气候变化具有重要意义，但是，创新如何以及由谁来适应气候变化却很少受到系统的关注。在本综述中，以实践为导向的框架用于表明，有助于水产养殖部门适应的创新包括对实践的物质，程序和信息方面的改变。实质方面主要是对成本和竞争力的关注，而在程序方面则出现技能和合规性问题，而在信息方面，关键问题是信任，可靠性和说服力。对十种类型的实践进行了二级分类，确定了与适应机制的其他关联，例如，遵循并调整技术实践以减少和管理风险，同时许多基础设施和技术实践旨在控制饲养环境。对生产力的提高，疾病控制和食品安全的关注，推动了创新的发展，而不是极端天气事件和气候变化。然而，许多新做法对适应有重大影响。这项研究还表明，创新和适应具有时限并且面临社会限制，而当区分不同类型和类型的实践，创新来源和适应机制时，这些更好地理解。和食品安全，而不是极端天气事件和气候变化。然而，许多新做法对适应有重大影响。这项研究还表明，创新和适应具有时限并且面临社会限制，而当区分不同类型和类型的实践，创新来源和适应机制时，这些更好地理解。和食品安全，而不是极端天气事件和气候变化。然而，许多新做法对适应有重大影响。这项研究还表明，创新和适应具有时限并且面临社会限制，而当区分不同类型和类型的实践，创新来源和适应机制时，这些更好地理解。