Abstract:

The essential oils extracted from different organs of Pinus halepensis were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS and evaluated for their antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase and anti-butyrylcholinesterase activities. The composition and biological activities of essential oils extracted from immature cones, juvenile needles and male inflorescences were analyzed for the first time. The common compounds of the investigated essential oils were α-pinene (6.4 to 46.1 %), β-myrcene (5.5 to 28.3 %), β-caryophyllene (1.3 to 32.8 %), β-caryophyllene oxide (2.7 to 66.6 %) and α-humulene (2.4 to 5.8 %). Significant variations of essential oil composition were detected between the investigated plant parts. The analyzed essential oils exhibited antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities. These activities varied significantly among organs. The essential oil of needles showed the highest antiradical activity with DPPH assay (0.31 mg eq Trolox/g EO). However, for ABTS radical scavenging assay, juvenile needles showed the uppermost antioxidant activity (2.52 mg eq Trolox/g EO). Male inflorescences possessed the most important chelating activity (267.43 mg eq EDTA/g EO). Essential oils of juvenile needles exhibited the highest antiacetylcholinesterase activity (1.37 mg eq dopenzil/g EO). Male inflorescences revealed the most important activity against butyrylcholinesterase (57.442 mg eq dopenzil/g EO).

摘要：

从哈尔滨松不同器官中提取的精油通过GC-FID和GC-MS进行分析，并评估其抗氧化剂和抗乙酰胆碱酯酶以及抗丁酰胆碱酯酶的活性。首次分析了从未成熟锥，少年针和雄花序中提取的精油的组成和生物活性。所研究精油的常见化合物为α-pine烯（6.4％至46.1％），β-月桂烯（5.5％至28.3％），β-石竹烯（1.3-32.8％），β-石竹烯氧化物（2.7-66.6％）和α-humulene（2.4％至5.8％）。在所研究的植物部位之间检测到香精油成分的显着变化。分析的精油显示出抗氧化剂和抗胆碱酯酶活性。这些活动在器官之间差异很大。针叶精油在DPPH分析中显示出最高的抗自由基活性（0。31 mg eq Trolox / g EO）。但是，对于ABTS自由基清除测定法，少年针头显示出最高的抗氧化活性（2.52 mg eq Trolox / g EO）。雄性花序具有最重要的螯合活性（267.43 mg eq EDTA / g EO）。少年用针的精油显示出最高的抗乙酰胆碱酯酶活性（1.37 mg eq多贝齐尔/ g EO）。雄性花序显示出对丁酰胆碱酯酶的最重要活性（57.442 mg eq dopenzil / g EO）。