Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and the sensors they can be equipped with are becoming more technologically advanced and common place within the agricultural industry. The output analyses from UAV captured data helps drive decisions for improving input efficiency in agricultural systems, which can result in maximum return on investment and reduced environmental impact. Advances in UAV technologies provides producers with options for assessment of crucial factors impacting crop yield and quality including crop water status and nutrient stress, competition from weeds, insects, and pathogens, and soil characteristics and precision field maps. Thus, integrating UAV technologies as a component of production agriculture enables producers to identify and locate problem areas in their fields in near real time and take corrective actions once these areas are verified. UAV technologies also offers researchers with a non‐destructive, objective manner for obtaining phenotypic measurements such as height assessment, biomass estimation, canopy reflectance, and abiotic and biotic stress tolerance, which can greatly expedite field data collection for advancing germplasm with desired agronomic traits. This review covers more than a hundred articles that were obtained from the existing literature and illustrates common UAV types, common sensor types, imagery processing options, and their practical application and pitfalls in the modern agricultural industry.

中文翻译：

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回顾无人机，遥感器，图像处理及其在农业中的应用

无人驾驶飞机（UAV）及其可配备的传感器在农业领域正变得越来越技术先进且司空见惯。无人机捕获数据的输出分析有助于做出决策，以提高农业系统的输入效率，从而可以带来最大的投资回报率并减少对环境的影响。无人机技术的进步为生产者提供了评估影响作物产量和质量的关键因素的选择，包括作物水分状况和养分胁迫，杂草，昆虫和病原体的竞争以及土壤特性和精确的田间分布图。因此，将无人飞行器技术整合为生产农业的一个组成部分，使生产者可以近乎实时地识别和定位其领域中的问题区域，并在这些区域得到验证后采取纠正措施。UAV技术还为研究人员提供了一种非破坏性的，客观的方式来获取表型测量结果，例如高度评估，生物量估计，冠层反射率以及非生物和生物胁迫耐受性，这可以大大加快田间数据收集，以推进具有所需农艺性状的种质。这篇综述涵盖了从现有文献中获得的一百多篇文章，并阐述了常见的无人机类型，常见的传感器类型，图像处理选项及其在现代农业中的实际应用和陷阱。UAV技术还为研究人员提供了一种非破坏性的，客观的方式来获取表型测量结果，例如高度评估，生物量估计，冠层反射率以及非生物和生物胁迫耐受性，这可以大大加快田间数据收集，以推进具有所需农艺性状的种质。这篇综述涵盖了从现有文献中获得的一百多篇文章，并阐述了常见的无人机类型，常见的传感器类型，图像处理选项及其在现代农业中的实际应用和陷阱。UAV技术还为研究人员提供了一种非破坏性的，客观的方式来获取表型测量结果，例如高度评估，生物量估计，冠层反射率以及非生物和生物胁迫耐受性，这可以大大加快田间数据收集，以推进具有所需农艺性状的种质。这篇综述涵盖了从现有文献中获得的一百多篇文章，并阐述了常见的无人机类型，常见的传感器类型，图像处理选项及其在现代农业中的实际应用和陷阱。这可以大大加快田间数据收集工作，以推进具有所需农艺性状的种质。这篇综述涵盖了从现有文献中获得的一百多篇文章，并阐述了常见的无人机类型，常见的传感器类型，图像处理选项及其在现代农业中的实际应用和陷阱。这可以大大加快田间数据收集工作，以推进具有所需农艺性状的种质。这篇综述涵盖了从现有文献中获得的一百多篇文章，并阐述了常见的无人机类型，常见的传感器类型，图像处理选项及其在现代农业中的实际应用和陷阱。