In this work, we examine variations in the mantle uplift associated with large lunar impact craters and basins between major terranes. This study is based on Bouguer gravity anomalies of 100–650‐km diameter impact craters using Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) observations and the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) crater database. The Bouguer gravity anomalies of 324 large impact craters analyzed herein are primarily controlled by the uplifted crust‐mantle (Moho) interface in the central region of these impact craters, while postimpact mare deposits that represent ∼25%–35% of the postimpact deposit column also contribute to the gravity anomalies of mare craters. The central uplift of the Moho interface is primarily controlled by impact energy and increases to ∼ 30 km for a 650‐km diameter crater. Analyses of nonmare craters in the Feldspathic Highlands Terrane (FHT) with varied crustal thickness (T_c) reveal that the onset crater diameter (D_min) with an uplifted Moho interface is dependent on the local T_c: D_min ∼ 150 + 1.3T_c (in a unit of km). This equation also provides a quantification of the depth‐dependent attenuation of impact‐induced structural uplift, using the Moho uplift as a proxy for the structural uplift. The Moho uplift of large craters in the South Pole‐Aitken (SPA) Terrane is not statistically different from the FHT craters, consistent with limited overall thermal difference between these two terranes and compensational thermal effects at crater collapse and viscoelastic relaxation stages.

中文翻译：

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研究地壳厚度和温度对月球上大型撞击坑下方地幔材料隆起的影响

在这项工作中，我们研究了与大型月球撞击坑和主要地形之间的盆地有关的地幔隆升变化。这项研究基于重力恢复和内部实验室（GRAIL）观测值和月球轨道激光测高仪（LOLA）陨石坑数据库的直径100-650-km撞击坑的布格重力异常。本文分析的324个大型撞击坑的布格重力异常主要是由这些撞击坑中心区域的上地幔幔（Moho）界面控制的，而撞击后母马沉积物约占撞击后沉积物柱的25％至35％也会造成母坑的重力异常。Moho界面的中央隆起主要由冲击能量控制，对于直径650 km的陨石坑，上升到30 km。T _c）揭示了Moho界面隆起的弹坑直径（D _min）取决于局部T _c：D _min〜150 + 1.3 T _c（以km为单位）。该方程还利用Moho隆起作为结构隆起的代名词来量化冲击引起的结构隆起的深度相关衰减。在统计上，南极-艾特肯（SPA）地貌的大型火山口的莫霍面隆起与FHT火山口没有统计学差异，这与这两个地层之间有限的整体热差异以及在火山口塌陷和粘弹性松弛阶段的补偿热效应相一致。