In this work, we study the effect of a traffic light system on the flow of a single lane road by proposing a traffic model based on a cellular automaton that also includes behavioral considerations. We focus on the macroscopic characterization of the system by studying the changes in vehicle density and the occurrence of jams. In this context, we observe and characterize a phase transition between the free flow and jammed states. This transition is induced by the instabilities originated by the vehicles stopping at the traffic lights. Moreover, we analyze the effect of these instabilities on the critical density of vehicles at which the transition occurs as a function of two parameters: (i) the in-flow of cars, (ii) the drivers’ behavior. For the latter we observe that the traffic light perturbations feedback on the drivers’ behavior can lead the system to different scenarios, which are also analyzed.

在这项工作中，我们通过提出一个基于蜂窝自动机的交通模型来研究交通灯系统对单车道道路流量的影响，该模型还包括行为方面的考虑。通过研究车辆密度的变化和卡纸的发生，我们专注于系统的宏观表征。在这种情况下，我们观察并描述了自由流动和阻塞状态之间的相变。这种过渡是由停车在交通信号灯处的车辆引起的不稳定性引起的。此外，我们分析了这些不稳定性对发生临界转变的车辆临界密度的影响，该临界密度取决于两个参数：（i）车辆流入，（ii）驾驶员的行为。