Nudging is seen to complement or replace existing policy tools by altering people's choice architectures towards behaviors that align with government aims, but has fallen short in meeting those targets. Crucially, governments do not nudge citizens directly, but need private agents to nudge their consumers. Based on this notion, the paper takes on an institutional approach towards nudging. Rather than looking at the relationship between nudger and nudgee, the research analyses the regulatory and market structures that affect nudge implementation by private actors, captured by the ‘budge’ idea. Focusing on the European energy policy domain, the paper analyses the contextual factors of green nudges that are initiated by Member States, and implemented by energy companies. The findings show that in the smart meter context, there are regulatory measures that affect implementation of smart meters and that government has a central role to ‘budge’, due to the dependence on private agents.

人们认为，通过改变人们的选择架构，使之朝着符合政府目标的行为发展，纳粹可以补充或替代现有的政策工具，但在实现这些目标方面却不足。至关重要的是，政府不直接推动公民，而是需要私人代理来推动其消费者。基于这一概念，本文采取了一种制度化的方法来进行推销。该研究没有研究轻推者与轻推者之间的关系，而是分析了影响“私人”行为者实施轻推的监管和市场结构，这些构想被“预算”理念所俘获。本文以欧洲能源政策领域为重点，分析了由成员国发起并由能源公司实施的绿色推动的背景因素。调查结果表明，在智能电表环境中，